diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d915da9 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,987 @@ + - [About](#about) + - [Configurations](#configurations) + - [Meta](#meta) + - [Package](#package) + - [Mac OS X](#mac os x) + - [Require](#require) + - [Sane defaults](#sane defaults) + - [Modes](#modes) + - [Visual](#visual) + - [Ido](#ido) + - [Calendar](#calendar) + - [Mail](#mail) + - [Flyspell](#flyspell) + - [Org](#org) + - [Interactive functions](#interactive functions) + - [Key bindings](#key bindings) + - [Advice](#advice) + - [Language mode specific](#language mode specific) + - [Lisp](#lisp) + - [Emacs Lisp](#emacs lisp) + - [Common lisp](#common lisp) + - [Scheme](#scheme) + - [Java and C](#java and c) + - [Assembler](#assembler) + - [LaTeX](#latex) + - [Python](#python) + - [Haskell](#haskell) + - [Matlab](#matlab) +# About + +This is a Emacs configuration file written in `org-mode`. There are a few +reasons why I wanted to do this. My `.emacs.d/` was a mess, and needed a +proper clean-up. Also I like keeping all my configurations in a single +file, using `org-mode` I can keep this file *organized*. I aim to briefly +explain all my configurations. + +# Configurations + +## Meta + +Emacs can only load `.el`-files. We can use `C-c C-v t` to run +`org-babel-tangle`, which extracts the code blocks from the current file +into a source-specific file (in this case a `.el`-file). + +To avoid doing this each time a change is made we can add a function to +the `after-save-hook` ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile the +`org`-document after changes. + +```lisp +(defun init-hook () + "If the current buffer is 'init.org' the code-blocks are +tangled, and the tangled file is compiled." + (when (equal (buffer-file-name) + (expand-file-name (concat user-emacs-directory "init.org"))) + (org-babel-tangle) + (byte-compile-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el")))) + +(add-hook 'after-save-hook 'init-hook) +``` + +## Package + +Managing extensions for Emacs is simplified using `package` which +is built in to Emacs 24 and newer. To load downloaded packages we +need to initialize `package`. + +```lisp +(require 'package) +(setq package-enable-at-startup nil) +(package-initialize) +``` + +Packages can be fetched from different mirrors, [melpa](http://melpa.milkbox.net/#/) is the largest +archive and is well maintained. + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'package-archives + '("MELPA" . "http://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/") t) +``` + +We can define a predicate that tells us wither or not the newest version +of a package is installed. + +```lisp +(defun newest-package-installed-p (package) + "Return true if the newest available PACKAGE is installed." + (when (package-installed-p package) + (let* ((local-pkg-desc (or (assq package package-alist) + (assq package package--builtins))) + (newest-pkg-desc (assq package package-archive-contents))) + (and local-pkg-desc newest-pkg-desc + (version-list-= (package-desc-vers (cdr local-pkg-desc)) + (package-desc-vers (cdr newest-pkg-desc))))))) +``` + +Let's write a function to install a package if it is not installed or +upgrades it if a new version has been released. Here our predicate comes +in handy. + +```lisp +(defun upgrade-or-install-package (package) + "Unless the newest available version of PACKAGE is installed +PACKAGE is installed and the current version is deleted." + (unless (newest-package-installed-p package) + (let ((pkg-desc (assq package package-alist))) + (when pkg-desc + (package-delete (symbol-name package) + (package-version-join + (package-desc-vers (cdr pkg-desc))))) + (package-install package)))) +``` + +Also, we will need a function to find all dependencies from a given package. + +```lisp +(defun dependencies (package) + "Returns a list of dependencies from a given PACKAGE." + (let* ((pkg-desc (assq package package-alist)) + (reqs (and pkg-desc (package-desc-reqs (cdr pkg-desc))))) + (mapcar 'car reqs))) +``` + +The `package-refresh-contents` function downloads archive descriptions, +this is a major bottleneck in this configuration. To avoid this we can +try to only check for updates once every day or so. Here are three +variables. The first specifies how often we should check for updates. The +second specifies wither one should update during the initialization. The +third is a path to a file where a time-stamp is stored in order to check +when packages were updated last. + +```lisp +(defvar days-between-updates 1) +(defvar do-package-update-on-init t) +(defvar package-last-update-file + (expand-file-name (concat user-emacs-directory ".package-last-update"))) +``` + +The tricky part is figuring out when the last time the Emacs was updated! +Here is a hacky way of doing it, using [time-stamps](http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Time-Stamps.html). By adding a +time-stamp to the a file, we can determine wither or not to do an +update. After that we must run the `time-stamp`-function to update the +time-stamp. + +```lisp +(require 'time-stamp) +;; Open the package-last-update-file +(with-temp-file package-last-update-file + (if (file-exists-p package-last-update-file) + (progn + ;; Insert it's original content's. + (insert-file-contents package-last-update-file) + (let ((start (re-search-forward time-stamp-start nil t)) + (end (re-search-forward time-stamp-end nil t))) + (when (and start end) + ;; Assuming we have found a time-stamp, we check determine if it's + ;; time to update. + (setq do-package-update-on-init + (<= days-between-updates + (days-between + (current-time-string) + (buffer-substring-no-properties start end)))) + ;; Remember to update the time-stamp. + (when do-package-update-on-init + (time-stamp))))) + ;; If no such file exists it is created with a time-stamp. + (insert "Time-stamp: <>") + (time-stamp))) +``` + +Now we can use the function above to make sure packages are installed and +up to date. Here are some packages I find useful (some of these +configurations are also dependent on them). + +```lisp +(when (and do-package-update-on-init + (y-or-n-p "Update all packages?")) + (package-refresh-contents) + + (let* ((packages + '(ac-geiser ; Auto-complete backend for geiser + ac-slime ; An auto-complete source using slime completions + ace-jump-mode ; quick cursor location minor mode + auto-compile ; automatically compile Emacs Lisp libraries + auto-complete ; auto completion + elscreen ; window session manager + expand-region ; Increase selected region by semantic units + flx-ido ; flx integration for ido + ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically. + geiser ; GNU Emacs and Scheme talk to each other + haskell-mode ; A Haskell editing mode + jedi ; Python auto-completion for Emacs + magit ; control Git from Emacs + markdown-mode ; Emacs Major mode for Markdown-formatted files. + matlab-mode ; MATLAB integration with Emacs. + monokai-theme ; A fruity color theme for Emacs. + move-text ; Move current line or region with M-up or M-down + multiple-cursors ; Multiple cursors for Emacs. + org ; Outline-based notes management and organizer + paredit ; minor mode for editing parentheses + powerline ; Rewrite of Powerline + pretty-lambdada ; the word `lambda' as the Greek letter. + smex ; M-x interface with Ido-style fuzzy matching. + undo-tree)) ; Treat undo history as a tree + ;; Fetch dependencies from all packages. + (reqs (mapcar 'dependencies packages)) + ;; Append these to the original list, and remove any duplicates. + (packages (delete-dups (apply 'append packages reqs)))) + + (dolist (package packages) + (upgrade-or-install-package package))) + + ;; This package is only relevant for Mac OS X. + (when (memq window-system '(mac ns)) + (upgrade-or-install-package 'exec-path-from-shell)) + (package-initialize)) +``` + +## Mac OS X + +I run this configuration mostly on Mac OS X, so we need a couple of +settings to make things work smoothly. In the package section +`exec-path-from-shell` is included (only if you're running OS X), this is +to include environment-variables from the shell. It makes useing Emacs +along with external processes a lot simpler. I also prefer using the +`Command`-key as the `Meta`-key. + +```lisp +(when (memq window-system '(mac ns)) + (setq mac-option-modifier nil + mac-command-modifier 'meta + x-select-enable-clipboard t) + (exec-path-from-shell-initialize)) +``` + +## Require + +Some features are not loaded by default to minimize initialization time, +so they have to be required (or loaded, if you will). + +```lisp +(dolist (feature + '(auto-compile ; auto-compile .el files + auto-complete-config ; a configuration for auto-complete-mode + jedi ; auto-completion for python + matlab ; matlab-mode + ob-matlab ; org-babel matlab + ox-latex ; the latex-exporter (from org) + ox-md ; Markdown exporter (from org) + pretty-lambdada ; show 'lambda' as the greek letter. + recentf ; recently opened files + smex ; M-x interface Ido-style. + tex-mode)) ; TeX, LaTeX, and SliTeX mode commands + (require feature)) +``` + +## Sane defaults + +These are what *I* consider to be saner defaults. + +We can set variables to whatever value we'd like using `setq`. + +```lisp +(setq initial-scratch-message nil ; Clean scratch buffer. + inhibit-startup-message t ; No splash screen please. + default-input-method "TeX" ; Use TeX when toggeling input method. + ring-bell-function 'ignore ; Quite as a mouse. + doc-view-continuous t ; At page edge goto next/previous. + echo-keystrokes 0.1) ; Show keystrokes asap. + +;; Some mac-bindings interfere with Emacs bindings. +(when (boundp 'mac-pass-command-to-system) + (setq mac-pass-command-to-system nil)) + +``` + +Some variables are buffer-local, so changing them using `setq` will only +change them in a single buffer. Using `setq-default` we change the +buffer-local variable's default value. + +```lisp +(setq-default fill-column 76 ; Maximum line width. + indent-tabs-mode nil ; Use spaces instead of tabs. + split-width-threshold 100 ; Split verticly by default. + auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) ; Auto-fill-mode everywhere. +``` + +The `load-path` specifies where Emacs should look for `.el`-files (or +Emacs lisp files). I have a directory called `site-lisp` where I keep all +extensions that have been installed manually (these are mostly my own +projects). + +```lisp +(let ((default-directory (concat user-emacs-directory "site-lisp/"))) + (when (file-exists-p default-directory) + (normal-top-level-add-to-load-path '(".")) + (normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path))) +``` + +Answering *yes* and *no* to each question from Emacs can be tedious, a +single *y* or *n* will suffice. + +```lisp +(fset 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p) +``` + +To avoid file system clutter we put all auto saved files in a single +directory. + +```lisp +(defvar emacs-autosave-directory + (concat user-emacs-directory "autosaves/") + "This variable dictates where to put auto saves. It is set to a + directory called autosaves located wherever your .emacs.d/ is + located.") + +;; Sets all files to be backed up and auto saved in a single directory. +(setq backup-directory-alist + `((".*" . ,emacs-autosave-directory)) + auto-save-file-name-transforms + `((".*" ,emacs-autosave-directory t))) +``` + +Set `utf-8` as preferred coding system. + +```lisp +(set-language-environment "UTF-8") +``` + +By default the `narrow-to-region` command is disabled and issues a +warning, because it might confuse new users. I find it useful sometimes, +and don't want to be warned. + +```lisp +(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil) +``` + +Call `auto-complete` default configuration, which enables `auto-complete` +globally. + +```lisp +(ac-config-default) +``` + +Automaticly revert `doc-view`-buffers when the file changes on disk. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'doc-view-mode-hook 'auto-revert-mode) +``` + +## Modes + +There are some modes that are enabled by default that I don't find +particularly useful. We create a list of these modes, and disable all of +these. + +```lisp +(dolist (mode + '(tool-bar-mode ; No toolbars, more room for text. + scroll-bar-mode ; No scroll bars either. + blink-cursor-mode)) ; The blinking cursor gets old. + (funcall mode 0)) +``` + +Let's apply the same technique for enabling modes that are disabled by +default. + +```lisp +(dolist (mode + '(abbrev-mode ; E.g. sopl -> System.out.println. + auto-compile-on-load-mode ; Compile .el files on load ... + auto-compile-on-save-mode ; ... and save. + column-number-mode ; Show column number in mode line. + delete-selection-mode ; Replace selected text. + recentf-mode ; Recently opened files. + show-paren-mode ; Highlight matching parentheses. + global-undo-tree-mode)) ; Undo as a tree. + (funcall mode 1)) +``` + +This makes `.md`-files open in `markdown-mode`. + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.md\\'" . markdown-mode)) +``` + +## Visual + +Change the color-theme to `monokai` (downloaded using `package`). + +```lisp +(load-theme 'monokai t) +``` + +Use the [Inconsolata](http://www.levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html) font if it's installed on the system. + +```lisp +(when (member "Inconsolata-g" (font-family-list)) + (set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Inconsolata-g-11")) +``` + +[Powerline](https://github.com/milkypostman/powerline) is an extension to customize the mode line. This is modified +version `powerline-nano-theme`. + +```lisp +(setq-default + mode-line-format + '("%e" + (:eval + (let* ((active (powerline-selected-window-active)) + ;; left hand side displays Read only or Modified. + (lhs (list (powerline-raw + (cond (buffer-read-only "Read only") + ((buffer-modified-p) "Modified") + (t "")) nil 'l))) + ;; right side hand displays (line,column). + (rhs (list + (powerline-raw + (concat + "(" (number-to-string (line-number-at-pos)) + "," (number-to-string (current-column)) ")") nil 'r))) + ;; center displays buffer name. + (center (list (powerline-raw "%b" nil)))) + (concat (powerline-render lhs) + (powerline-fill-center nil (/ (powerline-width center) 2.0)) + (powerline-render center) + (powerline-fill nil (powerline-width rhs)) + (powerline-render rhs)))))) +``` + +This is what it looks like: + +![img](./powerline.png) + +## Ido + +Interactive do (or `ido-mode`) changes the way you switch buffers and +open files/directories. Instead of writing complete file paths and buffer +names you can write a part of it and select one from a list of +possibilities. Using `ido-vertical-mode` changes the way possibilities +are displayed, and `flx-ido-mode` enables fuzzy matching. + +```lisp +(dolist (mode + '(ido-mode ; Interactivly do. + ido-everywhere ; Use Ido for all buffer/file reading. + ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically. + flx-ido-mode)) ; Toggle flx ido mode. + (funcall mode 1)) +``` + +We can set the order of file selections in `ido`. I prioritize source +files along with `org`- and `tex`-files. + +```lisp +(setq ido-file-extensions-order + '(".el" ".scm" ".lisp" ".java" ".c" ".h" ".org" ".tex")) +``` + +Sometimes when using `ido-switch-buffer` the `*Messages*` buffer get in +the way, so we set it to be ignored (it can be accessed using `C-h e`, so +there is really no need for it in the buffer list). + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'ido-ignore-buffers "*Messages*") +``` + +To make `M-x` behave more like `ido-mode` we can use the `smex` +package. It needs to be initialized, and we can replace the binding to +the standard `execute-extended-command` with `smex`. + +```lisp +(smex-initialize) +(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'smex) +``` + +## Calendar + +Define a function to display week numbers in `calender-mode`. The snippet +is from [EmacsWiki](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers). + +```lisp +(defun calendar-show-week (arg) + "Displaying week number in calendar-mode." + (interactive "P") + (copy-face font-lock-constant-face 'calendar-iso-week-face) + (set-face-attribute + 'calendar-iso-week-face nil :height 0.7) + (setq calendar-intermonth-text + (and arg + '(propertize + (format + "%2d" + (car (calendar-iso-from-absolute + (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian + (list month day year))))) + 'font-lock-face 'calendar-iso-week-face)))) +``` + +Evaluate the `calendar-show-week` function. + +```lisp +(calendar-show-week t) +``` + +Set Monday as the first day of the week, and set my location. + +```lisp +(setq calendar-week-start-day 1 + calendar-latitude 60.0 + calendar-longitude 10.7 + calendar-location-name "Oslo, Norway") +``` + +## Mail + +I use [mu4e](http://www.djcbsoftware.nl/code/mu/mu4e.html) (which is a part of [mu](http://www.djcbsoftware.nl/code/mu/)) along with [offlineimap](http://docs.offlineimap.org/en/latest/) on one of my +computers. Because the mail-setup wont work without these programs +installed we bind `load-mail-setup` to `nil`. If the value is changed to +a `non-nil` value mail is setup. + +```lisp +(defvar load-mail-setup nil) + +(when load-mail-setup + ;; We need mu4e + (require 'mu4e) + + ;; Some basic mu4e settings. + (setq mu4e-maildir "~/.ifimail" ; top-level Maildir + mu4e-sent-folder "/INBOX.Sent" ; folder for sent messages + mu4e-drafts-folder "/INBOX.Drafts" ; unfinished messages + mu4e-trash-folder "/INBOX.Trash" ; trashed messages + mu4e-refile-folder "/INBOX.Archive" ; saved messages + mu4e-get-mail-command "offlineimap" ; offlineimap to fetch mail + mu4e-compose-signature "- Lars" ; Sign my name + mu4e-update-interval (* 5 60) ; update every 5 min + mu4e-confirm-quit nil ; just quit + mu4e-view-show-images t ; view images + mu4e-html2text-command + "html2text -utf8") ; use utf-8 + + ;; Setup for sending mail. + (setq user-full-name + "Lars Tveito" ; Your full name + user-mail-address + "larstvei@ifi.uio.no" ; And email-address + smtpmail-smtp-server + "smtp.uio.no" ; Host to mail-server + smtpmail-smtp-service 465 ; Port to mail-server + smtpmail-stream-type 'ssl ; Protocol used for sending + send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it ; Use smpt to send + mail-user-agent 'mu4e-user-agent) ; Use mu4e! + + ;; Register file types that can be handled by ImageMagick. + (when (fboundp 'imagemagick-register-types) + (imagemagick-register-types)) + +;; (defadvice mu4e (before show-mu4e (arg) activate) +;; "Always show mu4e in fullscreen and remember window +;; configuration." +;; (unless arg +;; (window-configuration-to-register :mu4e-fullscreen) +;; (mu4e-update-mail-and-index t) +;; (delete-other-windows))) + +;; (defadvice mu4e-quit (after restore-windows nil activate) +;; "Restore window configuration." +;; (jump-to-register :mu4e-fullscreen)) + + ;; Overwrite the native 'compose-mail' binding to 'show-mu4e'. + (global-set-key (kbd "C-x m") 'mu4e)) +``` + +## Flyspell + +Flyspell offers on-the-fly spell checking. We can enable flyspell for all +text-modes with this snippet. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-flyspell) +``` + +To use flyspell for programming there is `flyspell-prog-mode`, that only +enables spell checking for comments and strings. We can enable it for all +programming modes using the `prog-mode-hook`. Flyspell interferes with +auto-complete mode, but there is a workaround provided by auto complete. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'flyspell-prog-mode) +(ac-flyspell-workaround) +``` + +To cycle through dictionary's we can define a variable containing a +cyclic list of installed language packs. + +```lisp +(defvar ispell-languages '#1=("english" "norsk" . #1#)) +``` + +Now we only need a small function to change set the language and shift +the list. + +```lisp +(defun cycle-languages () + "Changes the ispell-dictionary to whatever is the next (or cdr) in the +LANGUAGES (cyclic) list." + (interactive) + (ispell-change-dictionary + (car (setq ispell-languages (cdr ispell-languages))))) +``` + +## Org + +I use `org-agenda` for appointments and such. + +```lisp +(setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday nil ; Show agenda from today. + org-agenda-files '("~/Dropbox/life.org") ; A list of agenda files. + org-agenda-default-appointment-duration 120) ; 2 hours appointments. +``` + +When editing org-files with source-blocks, we want the source blocks to +be themed as they would in their native mode. + +```lisp +(setq org-src-fontify-natively t) +``` + +## Interactive functions + + + +To search recent files useing `ido-mode` we add this snippet from +[EmacsWiki](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers). + +```lisp +(defun recentf-ido-find-file () + "Find a recent file using Ido." + (interactive) + (let ((f (ido-completing-read "Choose recent file: " recentf-list nil t))) + (when f + (find-file f)))) +``` + +`just-one-space` removes all whitespace around a point - giving it a +negative argument it removes newlines as well. We wrap a interactive +function around it to be able to bind it to a key. + +```lisp +(defun remove-whitespace-inbetween () + "Removes whitespace before and after the point." + (interactive) + (just-one-space -1)) +``` + +This interactive function switches you to a `shell`, and if triggered in +the shell it switches back to the previous buffer. + +```lisp +(defun switch-to-shell () + "Jumps to eshell or back." + (interactive) + (if (string= (buffer-name) "*shell*") + (switch-to-prev-buffer) + (shell))) +``` + +To duplicate either selected text or a line we define this interactive +function. + +```lisp +(defun duplicate-thing () + "Ethier duplicates the line or the region" + (interactive) + (save-excursion + (let ((start (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-at-bol))) + (end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-at-eol)))) + (goto-char end) + (unless (region-active-p) + (newline)) + (insert (buffer-substring start end))))) +``` + +To tidy up a buffer we define this function borrowed from [simenheg](https://github.com/simenheg). + +```lisp +(defun tidy () + "Ident, untabify and unwhitespacify current buffer, or region if active." + (interactive) + (let ((beg (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-min))) + (end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-max)))) + (indent-region beg end) + (whitespace-cleanup) + (untabify beg (if (< end (point-max)) end (point-max))))) +``` + +## Key bindings + +Bindings for [expand-region](https://github.com/magnars/expand-region.el). + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-'") 'er/expand-region) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-;") 'er/contract-region) +``` + +Bindings for [multiple-cursors](https://github.com/magnars/multiple-cursors.el). + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c e") 'mc/edit-lines) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c a") 'mc/mark-all-like-this) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c n") 'mc/mark-next-like-this) +``` + +Bindings for [Magit](http://magit.github.io). + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c m") 'magit-status) +``` + +Bindings for [ace-jump-mode](https://github.com/winterTTr/ace-jump-mode). + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c SPC") 'ace-jump-mode) +``` + +Bindings for `move-text`. + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "") 'move-text-up) +(global-set-key (kbd "") 'move-text-down) +``` + +Bind some native Emacs functions. + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c s") 'ispell-word) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c t") 'org-agenda-list) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-x k") 'kill-this-buffer) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-r") 'recentf-ido-find-file) +``` + +Bind the functions defined above. + +```lisp +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c l") 'cycle-languages) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'remove-whitespace-inbetween) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-x t") 'switch-to-shell) +(global-set-key (kbd "C-c d") 'duplicate-thing) +(global-set-key (kbd "") 'tidy) +``` + +## Advice + +An advice can be given to a function to make it behave differently. This +advice makes `eval-last-sexp` (bound to `C-x C-e`) replace the sexp with +the value. + +```lisp +(defadvice eval-last-sexp (around replace-sexp (arg) activate) + "Replace sexp when called with a prefix argument." + (if arg + (let ((pos (point))) + ad-do-it + (goto-char pos) + (backward-kill-sexp) + (forward-sexp)) + ad-do-it)) +``` + +`Flyspell` signals an error if there is no spell-checking tool is +installed. We can advice `turn-on=flyspell` and `flyspell-prog-mode` to +only try to enable `flyspell` if a spell-checking tool is avalible. + +```lisp +(defadvice turn-on-flyspell (around check nil activate) + "Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed." + (when (executable-find ispell-program-name) + ad-do-it)) +``` + +```lisp +(defadvice flyspell-prog-mode (around check nil activate) + "Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed." + (when (executable-find ispell-program-name) + ad-do-it)) +``` + +# Language mode specific + +## Lisp + +`Pretty-lambda` provides a customizable variable +`pretty-lambda-auto-modes` that is a list of common lisp modes. Here we +can add some extra lisp-modes. We run the `pretty-lambda-for-modes` +function to activate `pretty-lambda-mode` in lisp modes. + +```lisp +(dolist (mode '(slime-repl-mode geiser-repl-mode)) + (add-to-list 'pretty-lambda-auto-modes mode)) + +(pretty-lambda-for-modes) +``` + +I use `Paredit` when editing lisp code, we enable this for all lisp-modes +in the `pretty-lambda-auto-modes` list. + +```lisp +(dolist (mode pretty-lambda-auto-modes) + ;; add paredit-mode to all mode-hooks + (add-hook (intern (concat (symbol-name mode) "-hook")) 'paredit-mode)) +``` + +### Emacs Lisp + +In `emacs-lisp-mode` we can enable `eldoc-mode` to display information +about a function or a variable in the echo area. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode) +(add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode) +``` + +### Common lisp + +I use [Slime](http://www.common-lisp.net/project/slime/) along with `lisp-mode` to edit Common Lisp code. Slime +provides code evaluation and other great features, a must have for a +Common Lisp developer. [Quicklisp](http://www.quicklisp.org/beta/) is a library manager for Common Lisp, +and you can install Slime following the instructions from the site along +with this snippet. + +```lisp +(when (file-exists-p "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc") + (load (expand-file-name "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc"))) +``` + +We can specify what Common Lisp program Slime should use (I use SBCL). + +```lisp +(setq inferior-lisp-program "sbcl") +``` + +To improve auto completion for Common Lisp editing we can use `ac-slime` +which uses slime completions as a source. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'slime-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac) +(add-hook 'slime-repl-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac) + +(eval-after-load "auto-complete" + '(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'slime-repl-mode)) +``` + +### Scheme + +[Geiser](http://www.nongnu.org/geiser/) provides features similar to Slime for Scheme editing. Everything +works pretty much out of the box, we only need to add auto completion, +and specify which scheme-interpreter we prefer. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'geiser-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup) +(add-hook 'geiser-repl-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup) +(eval-after-load "auto-complete" + '(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'geiser-repl-mode)) +(setq geiser-active-implementations '(racket)) +``` + +## Java and C + +The `c-mode-common-hook` is a general hook that work on all C-like +languages (C, C++, Java, etc…). I like being able to quickly compile +using `C-c C-c` (instead of `M-x compile`), a habit from `latex-mode`. + +```lisp +(defun c-setup () + (local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile)) + +(require 'auto-complete-c-headers) +(add-to-list 'ac-sources 'ac-source-c-headers) + +(add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'c-setup) +``` + +Some statements in Java appear often, and become tedious to write +out. We can use abbrevs to speed this up. + +```lisp +(define-abbrev-table 'java-mode-abbrev-table + '(("psv" "public static void main(String[] args) {" nil 0) + ("sopl" "System.out.println" nil 0) + ("sop" "System.out.printf" nil 0))) +``` + +To be able to use the abbrev table defined above, `abbrev-mode` must be +activated. + +```lisp +(defun java-setup () + (abbrev-mode t) + (setq-local compile-command (concat "javac " (buffer-name)))) + +(add-hook 'java-mode-hook 'java-setup) +``` + +## Assembler + +When writing assembler code I use `#` for comments. By defining +`comment-start` we can add comments using `M-;` like in other programming +modes. Also in assembler should one be able to compile using `C-c C-c`. + +```lisp +(defun asm-setup () + (setq comment-start "#") + (local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile)) + +(add-hook 'asm-mode-hook 'asm-setup) +``` + +## LaTeX + +`.tex`-files should be associated with `latex-mode` instead of +`tex-mode`. + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.tex\\'" . latex-mode)) +``` + +I like using the [Minted](https://code.google.com/p/minted/) package for source blocks in LaTeX. To make org +use this we add the following snippet. + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'org-latex-packages-alist '("" "minted")) +(setq org-latex-listings 'minted) +``` + +Because [Minted](https://code.google.com/p/minted/) uses [Pygments](http://pygments.org) (an external process), we must add the +`-shell-escape` option to the `org-latex-pdf-process` commands. The +`tex-compile-commands` variable controls the default compile command for +Tex- and LaTeX-mode, we can add the flag with a rather dirty statement +(if anyone finds a nicer way to do this, please let me know). + +```lisp +(setq org-latex-pdf-process + (mapcar + (lambda (str) + (concat "pdflatex -shell-escape " + (substring str (string-match "-" str)))) + org-latex-pdf-process)) + +(setcar (cdr (cddaar tex-compile-commands)) " -shell-escape ") +``` + +## Python + +[Jedi](http://tkf.github.io/emacs-jedi/released/) offers very nice auto completion for `python-mode`. Mind that it is +dependent on some python programs as well, so make sure you follow the +instructions from the site. + +```lisp +;; (setq jedi:server-command +;; (cons "python3" (cdr jedi:server-command)) +;; python-shell-interpreter "python3") +(add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:setup) +(setq jedi:complete-on-dot t) +(add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:ac-setup) +``` + +## Haskell + +`haskell-doc-mode` is similar to `eldoc`, it displays documentation in +the echo area. Haskell has several indentation modes - I prefer using +`haskell-indent`. + +```lisp +(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-doc-mode) +(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent) +``` + +## Matlab + +Matlab is very similar to Octave, which is supported by Emacs. We just +need to let `.m`-files be associated with `octave-mode`. + +```lisp +(add-to-list 'matlab-shell-command-switches "-nosplash") +``` + +