Fixed README.md

README.md

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ To avoid doing this each time a change is made we can add a function to
 the `after-save-hook` ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile the
 `org`-document after changes.
 
+```lisp
 (defun init-hook ()
   "If the current buffer is 'init.org' the code-blocks are
 tangled, and the tangled file is compiled."
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ the `after-save-hook` ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile the
     (byte-compile-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el"))))
 
 (add-hook 'after-save-hook 'init-hook)
+```
 
 ## Package
 
@@ -79,18 +81,23 @@ Managing extensions for Emacs is simplified using `package` which
 is built in to Emacs 24 and newer. To load downloaded packages we
 need to initialize `package`.
 
+```lisp
 (require 'package)
 (package-initialize)
+```
 
 Packages can be fetched from different mirrors, [melpa](http://melpa.milkbox.net/#/) is the largest
 archive and is well maintained.
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'package-archives
              '("MELPA" . "http://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/") t)
+```
 
 We can define a predicate that tells us wither or not the newest version
 of a package is installed.
 
+```lisp
 (defun newest-package-installed-p (package)
   "Return true if the newest available PACKAGE is installed."
   (when (package-installed-p package)
@@ -100,11 +107,13 @@ of a package is installed.
       (and local-pkg-desc newest-pkg-desc
            (version-list-= (package-desc-vers (cdr local-pkg-desc))
                            (package-desc-vers (cdr newest-pkg-desc)))))))
+```
 
 Let's write a function to install a package if it is not installed or
 upgrades it if a new version has been released. Here our predicate comes
 in handy.
 
+```lisp
 (defun upgrade-or-install-package (package)
   "Unless the newest available version of PACKAGE is installed
 PACKAGE is installed and the current version is deleted."
@@ -115,6 +124,7 @@ in handy.
                         (package-version-join
                          (package-desc-vers (cdr pkg-desc)))))
       (package-install package))))
+```
 
 The `package-refresh-contents` function downloads archive descriptions,
 this is a major bottleneck in this configuration. To avoid this we can
@@ -124,10 +134,12 @@ second specifies wither one should update during the initialization. The
 third is a path to a file where a time-stamp is stored in order to check
 when packages were updated last.
 
+```lisp
 (defvar days-between-updates 1)
 (defvar do-package-update-on-init t)
 (defvar package-last-update-file
   (expand-file-name (concat user-emacs-directory ".package-last-update")))
+```
 
 The tricky part is figuring out when the last time the Emacs was updated!
 Here is a hacky way of doing it, using [time-stamps](http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Time-Stamps.html). By adding a
@@ -135,6 +147,7 @@ time-stamp to the a file, we can determine wither or not to do an
 update. After that we must run the `time-stamp`-function to update the
 time-stamp.
 
+```lisp
 (require 'time-stamp)
 ;; Open the package-last-update-file
 (with-temp-file package-last-update-file
@@ -158,11 +171,13 @@ time-stamp.
     ;; If no such file exists it is created with a time-stamp.
     (insert "Time-stamp: <>")
     (time-stamp)))
+```
 
 Now we can use the function above to make sure packages are installed and
 up to date. Here are some packages I find useful (some of these
 configurations are also dependent on them).
 
+```lisp
 (when (and do-package-update-on-init
            (y-or-n-p "Update all packages?"))
   (package-refresh-contents)
@@ -191,12 +206,14 @@ configurations are also dependent on them).
              pretty-lambdada   ; the word `lambda' as the Greek letter.
              smex))            ; M-x interface with Ido-style fuzzy matching.
     (upgrade-or-install-package package)))
+```
 
 ## Require
 
 Some features are not loaded by default to minimize initialization time,
 so they have to be required (or loaded, if you will).
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (feature
          '(auto-compile             ; auto-compile .el files
            auto-complete-config     ; a configuration for auto-complete-mode
@@ -209,6 +226,7 @@ so they have to be required (or loaded, if you will).
            recentf                  ; recently opened files
            tex-mode))               ; TeX, LaTeX, and SliTeX mode commands
   (require feature))
+```
 
 ## Sane defaults
 
@@ -216,6 +234,7 @@ These are what *I* consider to be saner defaults.
 
 We can set variables to whatever value we'd like using `setq`.
 
+```lisp
 (setq initial-scratch-message nil     ; Clean scratch buffer.
       inhibit-startup-message t       ; No splash screen please.
       default-input-method "TeX"      ; Use TeX when toggeling input method.
@@ -227,33 +246,42 @@ We can set variables to whatever value we'd like using `setq`.
 (when (boundp 'mac-pass-command-to-system)
   (setq mac-pass-command-to-system nil))
 
+```
+
 Some variables are buffer-local, so changing them using `setq` will only
 change them in a single buffer. Using `setq-default` we change the
 buffer-local variable's default value.
 
+```lisp
 (setq-default fill-column 76                    ; Maximum line width.
               indent-tabs-mode nil              ; Use spaces instead of tabs.
               split-width-threshold 100         ; Split verticly by default.
               auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) ; Auto-fill-mode everywhere.
+```
 
 The `load-path` specifies where Emacs should look for `.el`-files (or
 Emacs lisp files). I have a directory called `site-lisp` where I keep all
 extensions that have been installed manually (these are mostly my own
 projects).
 
+```lisp
 (let ((default-directory (concat user-emacs-directory "site-lisp/")))
   (when (file-exists-p default-directory)
     (normal-top-level-add-to-load-path '("."))
     (normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path)))
+```
 
 Answering *yes* and *no* to each question from Emacs can be tedious, a
 single *y* or *n* will suffice.
 
+```lisp
 (fset 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
+```
 
 To avoid file system clutter we put all auto saved files in a single
 directory.
 
+```lisp
 (defvar emacs-autosave-directory
   (concat user-emacs-directory "autosaves/")
   "This variable dictates where to put auto saves. It is set to a
@@ -265,25 +293,34 @@ directory.
       `((".*" . ,emacs-autosave-directory))
       auto-save-file-name-transforms
       `((".*" ,emacs-autosave-directory t)))
+```
 
 Set `utf-8` as preferred coding system.
 
+```lisp
 (set-language-environment "UTF-8")
+```
 
 By default the `narrow-to-region` command is disabled and issues a
 warning, because it might confuse new users. I find it useful sometimes,
 and don't want to be warned.
 
+```lisp
 (put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)
+```
 
 Call `auto-complete` default configuration, which enables `auto-complete`
 globally.
 
+```lisp
 (ac-config-default)
+```
 
 Automaticly revert `doc-view`-buffers when the file changes on disk.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'doc-view-mode-hook 'auto-revert-mode)
+```
 
 ## Modes
 
@@ -291,15 +328,18 @@ There are some modes that are enabled by default that I don't find
 particularly useful. We create a list of these modes, and disable all of
 these.
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (mode
          '(tool-bar-mode                ; No toolbars, more room for text.
            scroll-bar-mode              ; No scroll bars either.
            blink-cursor-mode))          ; The blinking cursor gets old.
   (funcall mode 0))
+```
 
 Let's apply the same technique for enabling modes that are disabled by
 default.
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (mode
          '(abbrev-mode                ; E.g. sopl -> System.out.println.
            auto-compile-on-load-mode  ; Compile .el files on load ...
@@ -309,21 +349,28 @@ default.
            recentf-mode               ; Recently opened files.
            show-paren-mode))          ; Highlight matching parentheses.
   (funcall mode 1))
+```
 
 This makes `.md`-files open in `markdown-mode`.
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.md\\'" . markdown-mode))
+```
 
 ## Visual
 
 Change the color-theme to `monokai` (downloaded using `package`).
 
+```lisp
 (load-theme 'monokai t)
+```
 
 Use the [Inconsolata](http://www.levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html) font if it's installed on the system.
 
+```lisp
 (when (member "Inconsolata" (font-family-list))
   (set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Inconsolata-13"))
+```
 
 ## Ido
 
@@ -333,37 +380,46 @@ names you can write a part of it and select one from a list of
 possibilities. Using `ido-vertical-mode` changes the way possibilities
 are displayed, and `flx-ido-mode` enables fuzzy matching.
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (mode
          '(ido-mode                   ; Interactivly do.
            ido-everywhere             ; Use Ido for all buffer/file reading.
            ido-vertical-mode          ; Makes ido-mode display vertically.
            flx-ido-mode))             ; Toggle flx ido mode.
   (funcall mode 1))
+```
 
 We can set the order of file selections in `ido`. I prioritize source
 files along with `org`- and `tex`-files.
 
+```lisp
 (setq ido-file-extensions-order
       '(".el" ".scm" ".lisp" ".java" ".c" ".h" ".org" ".tex"))
+```
 
 Sometimes when using `ido-switch-buffer` the `*Messages*` buffer get in
 the way, so we set it to be ignored (it can be accessed using `C-h e`, so
 there is really no need for it in the buffer list).
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'ido-ignore-buffers "*Messages*")
+```
 
 To make `M-x` behave more like `ido-mode` we can use the `smex`
 package. It needs to be initialized, and we can replace the binding to
 the standard `execute-extended-command` with `smex`.
 
+```lisp
 (smex-initialize)
 (global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'smex)
+```
 
 ## Calendar
 
 Define a function to display week numbers in `calender-mode`. The snippet
 is from [EmacsWiki](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers).
 
+```lisp
 (defun calendar-show-week (arg)
   "Displaying week number in calendar-mode."
   (interactive "P")
@@ -379,17 +435,22 @@ is from [EmacsWiki](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers).
                       (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
                        (list month day year)))))
                'font-lock-face 'calendar-iso-week-face))))
+```
 
 Evaluate the `calendar-show-week` function.
 
+```lisp
 (calendar-show-week t)
+```
 
 Set Monday as the first day of the week, and set my location.
 
+```lisp
 (setq calendar-week-start-day 1
       calendar-latitude 60.0
       calendar-longitude 10.7
       calendar-location-name "Oslo, Norway")
+```
 
 ## Mail
 
@@ -398,6 +459,7 @@ computers. Because the mail-setup wont work without these programs
 installed we bind `load-mail-setup` to `nil`. If the value is changed to
 a `non-nil` value mail is setup.
 
+```lisp
 (defvar load-mail-setup nil)
 
 (when load-mail-setup
@@ -448,49 +510,62 @@ a `non-nil` value mail is setup.
 
   ;; Overwrite the native 'compose-mail' binding to 'show-mu4e'.
   (global-set-key (kbd "C-x m") 'mu4e))
+```
 
 ## Flyspell
 
 Flyspell offers on-the-fly spell checking. We can enable flyspell for all
 text-modes with this snippet.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-flyspell)
+```
 
 To use flyspell for programming there is `flyspell-prog-mode`, that only
 enables spell checking for comments and strings. We can enable it for all
 programming modes using the `prog-mode-hook`. Flyspell interferes with
 auto-complete mode, but there is a workaround provided by auto complete.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'flyspell-prog-mode)
 (ac-flyspell-workaround)
+```
 
 To cycle through dictionary's we can define a variable containing a
 cyclic list of installed language packs.
 
+```lisp
 (defvar ispell-languages '#1=("english" "norsk" . #1#))
+```
 
 Now we only need a small function to change set the language and shift
 the list.
 
+```lisp
 (defun cycle-languages ()
   "Changes the ispell-dictionary to whatever is the next (or cdr) in the
 LANGUAGES (cyclic) list."
   (interactive)
   (ispell-change-dictionary
    (car (setq ispell-languages (cdr ispell-languages)))))
+```
 
 ## Org
 
 I use `org-agenda` for appointments and such.
 
+```lisp
 (setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday nil              ; Show agenda from today.
       org-agenda-files '("~/Dropbox/life.org")     ; A list of agenda files.
       org-agenda-default-appointment-duration 120) ; 2 hours appointments.
+```
 
 When editing org-files with source-blocks, we want the source blocks to
 be themed as they would in their native mode.
 
+```lisp
 (setq org-src-fontify-natively t)
+```
 
 ## Interactive functions
 
@@ -499,35 +574,42 @@ be themed as they would in their native mode.
 To search recent files useing `ido-mode` we add this snippet from
 [EmacsWiki](http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers).
 
+```lisp
 (defun recentf-ido-find-file ()
   "Find a recent file using Ido."
   (interactive)
   (let ((f (ido-completing-read "Choose recent file: " recentf-list nil t)))
     (when f
       (find-file f))))
+```
 
 `just-one-space` removes all whitespace around a point - giving it a
 negative argument it removes newlines as well. We wrap a interactive
 function around it to be able to bind it to a key.
 
+```lisp
 (defun remove-whitespace-inbetween ()
   "Removes whitespace before and after the point."
   (interactive)
   (just-one-space -1))
+```
 
 This interactive function switches you to a `shell`, and if triggered in
 the shell it switches back to the previous buffer.
 
+```lisp
 (defun switch-to-shell ()
   "Jumps to eshell or back."
   (interactive)
   (if (string= (buffer-name) "*shell*")
       (switch-to-prev-buffer)
     (shell)))
+```
 
 To duplicate either selected text or a line we define this interactive
 function.
 
+```lisp
 (defun duplicate-thing ()
   "Ethier duplicates the line or the region"
   (interactive)
@@ -538,9 +620,11 @@ function.
       (unless (region-active-p)
         (newline))
       (insert (buffer-substring start end)))))
+```
 
 To tidy up a buffer we define this function borrowed from [simenheg](https://github.com/simenheg).
 
+```lisp
 (defun tidy ()
   "Ident, untabify and unwhitespacify current buffer, or region if active."
   (interactive)
@@ -549,47 +633,62 @@ To tidy up a buffer we define this function borrowed from [simenheg](https://git
     (indent-region beg end)
     (whitespace-cleanup)
     (untabify beg (if (< end (point-max)) end (point-max)))))
+```
 
 ## Key bindings
 
 Bindings for [expand-region](https://github.com/magnars/expand-region.el).
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-'")  'er/expand-region)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-;")  'er/contract-region)
+```
 
 Bindings for [multiple-cursors](https://github.com/magnars/multiple-cursors.el).
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c e")  'mc/edit-lines)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c a")  'mc/mark-all-like-this)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c n")  'mc/mark-next-like-this)
+```
 
 Bindings for [Magit](http://magit.github.io).
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c m") 'magit-status)
+```
 
 Bindings for [ace-jump-mode](https://github.com/winterTTr/ace-jump-mode).
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c SPC") 'ace-jump-mode)
+```
 
 Bindings for `move-text`.
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "<M-S-up>")    'move-text-up)
 (global-set-key (kbd "<M-S-down>")  'move-text-down)
+```
 
 Bind some native Emacs functions.
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c s")    'ispell-word)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c t")    'org-agenda-list)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-x k")    'kill-this-buffer)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-r")  'recentf-ido-find-file)
+```
 
 Bind the functions defined above.
 
+```lisp
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c l")    'cycle-languages)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c j")    'remove-whitespace-inbetween)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-x t")    'switch-to-shell)
 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c d")    'duplicate-thing)
 (global-set-key (kbd "<C-tab>")  'tidy)
+```
 
 ## Advice
 
@@ -597,6 +696,7 @@ An advice can be given to a function to make it behave differently. This
 advice makes `eval-last-sexp` (bound to `C-x C-e`) replace the sexp with
 the value.
 
+```lisp
 (defadvice eval-last-sexp (around replace-sexp (arg) activate)
   "Replace sexp when called with a prefix argument."
   (if arg
@@ -606,20 +706,25 @@ the value.
         (backward-kill-sexp)
         (forward-sexp))
     ad-do-it))
+```
 
 `Flyspell` signals an error if there is no spell-checking tool is
 installed. We can advice `turn-on=flyspell` and `flyspell-prog-mode` to
 only try to enable `flyspell` if a spell-checking tool is avalible.
 
+```lisp
 (defadvice turn-on-flyspell (around check nil activate)
   "Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed."
   (when (executable-find ispell-program-name)
     ad-do-it))
+```
 
+```lisp
 (defadvice flyspell-prog-mode (around check nil activate)
   "Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed."
   (when (executable-find ispell-program-name)
     ad-do-it))
+```
 
 # Language mode specific
 
@@ -630,25 +735,31 @@ only try to enable `flyspell` if a spell-checking tool is avalible.
 can add some extra lisp-modes. We run the `pretty-lambda-for-modes`
 function to activate `pretty-lambda-mode` in lisp modes.
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (mode '(slime-repl-mode geiser-repl-mode))
   (add-to-list 'pretty-lambda-auto-modes mode))
 
 (pretty-lambda-for-modes)
+```
 
 I use `Paredit` when editing lisp code, we enable this for all lisp-modes
 in the `pretty-lambda-auto-modes` list.
 
+```lisp
 (dolist (mode pretty-lambda-auto-modes)
   ;; add paredit-mode to all mode-hooks
   (add-hook (intern (concat (symbol-name mode) "-hook")) 'paredit-mode))
+```
 
 ### Emacs Lisp
 
 In `emacs-lisp-mode` we can enable `eldoc-mode` to display information
 about a function or a variable in the echo area.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)
 (add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)
+```
 
 ### Common lisp
 
@@ -658,21 +769,27 @@ Common Lisp developer. [Quicklisp](http://www.quicklisp.org/beta/) is a library
 and you can install Slime following the instructions from the site along
 with this snippet.
 
+```lisp
 (when (file-exists-p "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc")
   (load (expand-file-name "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc")))
+```
 
 We can specify what Common Lisp program Slime should use (I use SBCL).
 
+```lisp
 (setq inferior-lisp-program "sbcl")
+```
 
 To improve auto completion for Common Lisp editing we can use `ac-slime`
 which uses slime completions as a source.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'slime-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
 (add-hook 'slime-repl-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
 
 (eval-after-load "auto-complete"
   '(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'slime-repl-mode))
+```
 
 ### Scheme
 
@@ -680,11 +797,13 @@ which uses slime completions as a source.
 works pretty much out of the box, we only need to add auto completion,
 and specify which scheme-interpreter we prefer.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'geiser-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
 (add-hook 'geiser-repl-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
 (eval-after-load "auto-complete"
   '(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'geiser-repl-mode))
 (setq geiser-active-implementations '(racket))
+```
 
 ## Java and C
 
@@ -692,27 +811,33 @@ The `c-mode-common-hook` is a general hook that work on all C-like
 languages (C, C++, Java, etc&#x2026;). I like being able to quickly compile
 using `C-c C-c` (instead of `M-x compile`), a habit from `latex-mode`.
 
+```lisp
 (defun c-setup ()
   (local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
 
 (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'c-setup)
+```
 
 Some statements in Java appear often, and become tedious to write
 out. We can use abbrevs to speed this up.
 
+```lisp
 (define-abbrev-table 'java-mode-abbrev-table
   '(("psv" "public static void main(String[] args) {" nil 0)
     ("sopl" "System.out.println" nil 0)
     ("sop" "System.out.printf" nil 0)))
+```
 
 To be able to use the abbrev table defined above, `abbrev-mode` must be
 activated.
 
+```lisp
 (defun java-setup ()
   (abbrev-mode t)
   (setq-local compile-command (concat "javac " (buffer-name))))
 
 (add-hook 'java-mode-hook 'java-setup)
+```
 
 ## Assembler
 
@@ -720,24 +845,30 @@ When writing assembler code I use `#` for comments. By defining
 `comment-start` we can add comments using `M-;` like in other programming
 modes. Also in assembler should one be able to compile using `C-c C-c`.
 
+```lisp
 (defun asm-setup ()
   (setq comment-start "#")
   (local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
 
 (add-hook 'asm-mode-hook 'asm-setup)
+```
 
 ## LaTeX
 
 `.tex`-files should be associated with `latex-mode` instead of
 `tex-mode`.
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.tex\\'" . latex-mode))
+```
 
 I like using the [Minted](https://code.google.com/p/minted/) package for source blocks in LaTeX. To make org
 use this we add the following snippet.
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'org-latex-packages-alist '("" "minted"))
 (setq org-latex-listings 'minted)
+```
 
 Because [Minted](https://code.google.com/p/minted/) uses [Pygments](http://pygments.org) (an external process), we must add the
 `-shell-escape` option to the `org-latex-pdf-process` commands. The
@@ -745,6 +876,7 @@ Because [Minted](https://code.google.com/p/minted/) uses [Pygments](http://pygme
 Tex- and LaTeX-mode, we can add the flag with a rather dirty statement
 (if anyone finds a nicer way to do this, please let me know).
 
+```lisp
 (setq org-latex-pdf-process
       (mapcar
        (lambda (str)
@@ -753,6 +885,7 @@ Tex- and LaTeX-mode, we can add the flag with a rather dirty statement
        org-latex-pdf-process))
 
 (setcar (cdr (cddaar tex-compile-commands)) " -shell-escape ")
+```
 
 ## Python
 
@@ -760,12 +893,14 @@ Tex- and LaTeX-mode, we can add the flag with a rather dirty statement
 dependent on some python programs as well, so make sure you follow the
 instructions from the site.
 
+```lisp
 (setq jedi:server-command
       (cons "python3" (cdr jedi:server-command))
       python-shell-interpreter "python3")
 (add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:setup)
 (setq jedi:complete-on-dot t)
 (add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:ac-setup)
+```
 
 ## Haskell
 
@@ -773,12 +908,16 @@ instructions from the site.
 the echo area. Haskell has several indentation modes - I prefer using
 `haskell-indent`.
 
+```lisp
 (add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-doc-mode)
 (add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent)
+```
 
 ## Matlab
 
 Matlab is very similar to Octave, which is supported by Emacs. We just
 need to let `.m`-files be associated with `octave-mode`.
 
+```lisp
 (add-to-list 'matlab-shell-command-switches "-nosplash")
+```