24 KiB
Emacs configuration file
About
This is a Emacs configuration file written in org-mode. There are a few
reasons why I wanted to do this. My .emacs.d/ was a mess, and needed a
proper clean-up. Also I like keeping all my configurations in a single
file, using org-mode I can keep this file organized. I aim to briefly
explain all my configurations.
Configurations
Meta
Emacs can only load .el-files. We can use C-c C-v t to run
org-babel-tangle, which extracts the code blocks from the current file
into a source-specific file (in this case a .el-file).
To avoid doing this each time a change is made we can add a function to
the after-save-hook ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile the
org-document after changes.
(defun init-hook ()
"If the current buffer is 'init.org' the code-blocks are
tangled, and the tangled file is compiled."
(when (equal (buffer-file-name)
(concat user-emacs-directory "init.org"))
(org-babel-tangle)
(byte-compile-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el"))))
(add-hook 'after-save-hook 'init-hook)Package
Managing extensions for Emacs is simplified using package which is
built in to Emacs 24 and newer. To load downloaded packages we need to
initialize package.
(package-initialize)Packages can be fetched from different mirrors, melpa is the largest archive and is well maintained.
(add-to-list 'package-archives
'("MELPA" . "http://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/") t)Some packages I find useful are installed if missing.
(let ((packages
'(ac-geiser ; Auto-complete backend for geiser
ac-slime ; An auto-complete source using slime completions
ace-jump-mode ; quick cursor location minor mode
auto-compile ; automatically compile Emacs Lisp libraries
auto-complete ; auto completion
elscreen ; window session manager
expand-region ; Increase selected region by semantic units
flx-ido ; flx integration for ido
ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically.
geiser ; GNU Emacs and Scheme talk to each other
haskell-mode ; A Haskell editing mode
jedi ; Python auto-completion for Emacs
magit ; control Git from Emacs
markdown-mode ; Emacs Major mode for Markdown-formatted files.
monokai-theme ; A fruity color theme for Emacs.
move-text ; Move current line or region with M-up or M-down
multiple-cursors ; Multiple cursors for Emacs.
org ; Outline-based notes management and organizer
paredit ; minor mode for editing parentheses
pretty-lambdada ; the word `lambda' as the Greek letter.
;; slime ; Superior Lisp Interaction Mode for Emacs
smex ; M-x interface with Ido-style fuzzy matching.
)))
;; 'remove-if' is a part of the cl-library, so we require this feature.
(require 'cl)
;; Filter out installed packages and install the remaining.
(mapc 'package-install (remove-if 'package-installed-p packages)))Require
Some features are not loaded by default to minimize initialization time, so they have to be required (or loaded, if you will).
(dolist (feature
'(auto-compile ; auto-compile .el files
auto-complete-config ; a configuration for auto-complete-mode
jedi ; auto-completion for python
pretty-lambdada ; show 'lambda' as the greek letter.
ox-latex ; the latex-exporter (from org)
recentf ; recently opened files
tex-mode ; TeX, LaTeX, and SliTeX mode commands
))
(require feature))Sane defaults
These are what I consider to be saner defaults.
We can set variables to whatever value we'd like using setq.
(setq initial-scratch-message nil ; Clean scratch buffer.
inhibit-startup-message t ; No splash screen please.
default-input-method "TeX" ; Use TeX when toggeling input method.
doc-view-continuous t ; At page edge goto next/previous.
echo-keystrokes 0.1 ; Show keystrokes asap.
)
Some variables are buffer-local, so changing them using setq will only
change them in a single buffer. Using setq-default we change the
buffer-local variable's default value.
(setq-default fill-column 76 ; Maximum line width.
indent-tabs-mode nil ; Use spaces instead of tabs.
split-width-threshold 100 ; Split verticly by default.
auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill ; Auto-fill-mode everywhere.
)Answering yes and no to each question from Emacs can be tedious, a single y or n will suffice.
(fset 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)To avoid file system clutter we put all auto saved files in a single directory.
(defvar emacs-autosave-directory
(concat user-emacs-directory "autosaves/")
"This variable dictates where to put auto saves. It is set to a
directory called autosaves located wherever your .emacs.d/ is
located.")
;; Sets all files to be backed up and auto saved in a single directory.
(setq backup-directory-alist
`((".*" . ,emacs-autosave-directory))
auto-save-file-name-transforms
`((".*" ,emacs-autosave-directory t)))
Set utf-8 as preferred coding system.
(set-language-environment "UTF-8")
By default the narrow-to-region command is disabled and issues a
warning, because it might confuse new users. I find it useful sometimes,
and don't want to be warned.
(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)
Call auto-complete default configuration, which enables auto-complete
globally.
(ac-config-default)
Automaticly revert doc-view-buffers when the file changes on disk.
(add-hook 'doc-view-mode-hook 'auto-revert-mode)Modes
There are some modes that are enabled by default that I don't find particularly useful. We create a list of these modes, and disable all of these.
(dolist (mode
'(tool-bar-mode ; No toolbars, more room for text.
scroll-bar-mode ; No scroll bars either.
blink-cursor-mode ; The blinking cursor gets old.
))
(funcall mode 0))Let's apply the same technique for enabling modes that are disabled by default.
(dolist (mode
'(abbrev-mode ; E.g. sopl -> System.out.println.
auto-compile-on-load-mode ; Compile .el files on load ...
auto-compile-on-save-mode ; ... and save.
column-number-mode ; Show column number in mode line.
delete-selection-mode ; Replace selected text.
recentf-mode ; Recently opened files.
show-paren-mode ; Highlight matching parentheses.
))
(funcall mode 1))
This makes .md-files open in markdown-mode.
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.md\\'" . markdown-mode))Visual
Change the color-theme to monokai (downloaded using package).
(load-theme 'monokai t)Use the Inconsolata font if it's installed on the system.
(when (member "Inconsolata" (font-family-list))
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Inconsolata-13"))Ido
Interactive do (or ido-mode) changes the way you switch buffers and
open files/directories. Instead of writing complete file paths and buffer
names you can write a part of it and select one from a list of
possibilities. Using ido-vertical-mode changes the way possibilities
are displayed, and flx-ido-mode enables fuzzy matching.
(dolist (mode
'(ido-mode ; Interactivly do.
ido-everywhere ; Use Ido for all buffer/file reading.
ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically.
flx-ido-mode ; Toggle flx ido mode.
))
(funcall mode 1))
We can set the order of file selections in ido. I prioritize source
files along with org- and tex-files.
(setq ido-file-extensions-order
'(".el" ".scm" ".lisp" ".java" ".c" ".h" ".org" ".tex"))
Sometimes when using ido-switch-buffer the *Messages* buffer get in
the way, so we set it to be ignored (it can be accessed using C-h e, so
there is really no need for it in the buffer list).
(add-to-list 'ido-ignore-buffers "*Messages*")
To make M-x behave more like ido-mode we can use the smex
package. It needs to be initialized, and we can replace the binding to
the standard execute-extended-command with smex.
(smex-initialize)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'smex) (setq user-full-name "Lars Tveito"
user-mail-address "larstvei@ifi.uio.no"
smtpmail-smtp-server "smtp.uio.no"
smtpmail-smtp-service 587)Calendar
Define a function to display week numbers in calender-mode. The snippet
is from EmacsWiki.
(defun calendar-show-week (arg)
"Displaying week number in calendar-mode."
(interactive "P")
(copy-face font-lock-constant-face 'calendar-iso-week-face)
(set-face-attribute
'calendar-iso-week-face nil :height 0.7)
(setq calendar-intermonth-text
(and arg
'(propertize
(format
"%2d"
(car (calendar-iso-from-absolute
(calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
(list month day year)))))
'font-lock-face 'calendar-iso-week-face))))
Evaluate the toggle-calendar-show-week function.
(calendar-show-week t)Set Monday as the first day of the week, and set my location.
(setq calendar-week-start-day 1
calendar-latitude 60.0
calendar-longitude 10.7
calendar-location-name "Oslo, Norway")Flyspell
Flyspell offers on-the-fly spell checking. We can enable flyspell for all text-modes with this snippet.
(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-flyspell)
To use flyspell for programming there is flyspell-prog-mode, that only
enables spell checking for comments and strings. We can enable it for all
programming modes using the prog-mode-hook. Flyspell interferes with
auto-complete mode, but there is a workaround provided by auto complete.
(add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'flyspell-prog-mode)
(ac-flyspell-workaround)Org
I use org-agenda for appointments and such.
(setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday nil ; Show agenda from today.
org-agenda-files '("~/Dropbox/life.org") ; A list of agenda files.
org-agenda-default-appointment-duration 120 ; 2 hours appointments.
)When editing org-files with source-blocks, we want the source blocks to be themed as they would in their native mode.
(setq org-src-fontify-natively t)Interactive functions
<<sec:defuns>>
To search recent files useing ido-mode we add this snippet from
EmacsWiki.
(defun recentf-ido-find-file ()
"Find a recent file using Ido."
(interactive)
(let ((f (ido-completing-read "Choose recent file: " recentf-list nil t)))
(when f
(find-file f))))
just-one-space removes all whitespace around a point - giving it a
negative argument it removes newlines as well. We wrap a interactive
function around it to be able to bind it to a key.
(defun remove-whitespace-inbetween ()
"Removes whitespace before and after the point."
(interactive)
(just-one-space -1))
This interactive function switches you to a shell, and if triggered in
the shell it switches back to the previous buffer.
(defun switch-to-shell ()
"Jumps to eshell or back."
(interactive)
(if (string= (buffer-name) "*shell*")
(switch-to-prev-buffer)
(shell)))To duplicate either selected text or a line we define this interactive function.
(defun duplicate-thing ()
"Ethier duplicates the line or the region"
(interactive)
(save-excursion
(let ((start (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-at-bol)))
(end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-at-eol))))
(goto-char end)
(unless (region-active-p)
(newline))
(insert (buffer-substring start end)))))To tidy up a buffer we define this function borrowed from simenheg.
(defun tidy ()
"Ident, untabify and unwhitespacify current buffer, or region if active."
(interactive)
(let ((beg (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-min)))
(end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-max))))
(indent-region beg end)
(whitespace-cleanup)
(untabify beg (if (< end (point-max)) end (point-max)))))Key bindings
Bindings for expand-region.
(global-set-key (kbd "C-'") 'er/expand-region)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-;") 'er/contract-region)Bindings for multiple-cursors.
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c e") 'mc/edit-lines)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c a") 'mc/mark-all-like-this)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c n") 'mc/mark-next-like-this)Bindings for ace-jump-mode.
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c SPC") 'ace-jump-mode)Bind some native Emacs functions.
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c t") 'org-agenda-list)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x k") 'kill-this-buffer)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-r") 'recentf-ido-find-file)Bind the functions defined above.
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'remove-whitespace-inbetween)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x t") 'switch-to-shell)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c d") 'duplicate-thing)
(global-set-key (kbd "<C-tab>") 'tidy)
Bindings for move-text.
(global-set-key (kbd "<M-S-up>") 'move-text-up)
(global-set-key (kbd "<M-S-down>") 'move-text-down)Advice
An advice can be given to a function to make it behave differently. This
advice makes eval-last-sexp (bound to C-x C-e) replace the sexp with
the value.
(defadvice eval-last-sexp (around replace-sexp (arg) activate)
"Replace sexp when called with a prefix argument."
(if arg
(let ((pos (point)))
ad-do-it
(goto-char pos)
(backward-kill-sexp)
(forward-sexp))
ad-do-it))Language mode specific
Lisp
Pretty-lambda provides a customizable variable
pretty-lambda-auto-modes that is a list of common lisp modes. Here we
can add some extra lisp-modes. We run the pretty-lambda-for-modes
function to activate pretty-lambda-mode in lisp modes.
(dolist (mode '(slime-repl-mode inferior-lisp-mode inferior-scheme-mode))
(add-to-list 'pretty-lambda-auto-modes mode))
(pretty-lambda-for-modes)
I use Paredit when editing lisp code, we enable this for all lisp-modes
in the pretty-lambda-auto-modes list.
(dolist (mode pretty-lambda-auto-modes)
;; add paredit-mode to all mode-hooks
(add-hook (intern (concat (symbol-name mode) "-hook")) 'paredit-mode))Emacs Lisp
In emacs-lisp-mode we can enable eldoc-mode to display information
about a function or a variable in the echo area.
(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)
(add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)Common lisp
I use Slime along with lisp-mode to edit Common Lisp code. Slime
provides code evaluation and other great features, a must have for a
Common Lisp developer. Quicklisp is a library manager for Common Lisp,
and you can install Slime following the instructions from the site along
with this snippet.
(when (file-exists-p "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc")
(load (expand-file-name "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.elc")))We can specify what Common Lisp program Slime should use (I use SBCL).
(setq inferior-lisp-program "sbcl")
To improve auto completion for Common Lisp editing we can use ac-slime
which uses slime completions as a source.
(add-hook 'slime-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
(add-hook 'slime-repl-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
(eval-after-load "auto-complete"
'(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'slime-repl-mode))Scheme
Geiser provides features similar to Slime for Scheme editing. Everything works pretty much out of the box, the only thing we need to add is the auto completion.
(add-hook 'geiser-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
(add-hook 'geiser-repl-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
(eval-after-load "auto-complete"
'(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'geiser-repl-mode))Java and C
The c-mode-common-hook is a general hook that work on all C-like
languages (C, C++, Java, etc…). I like being able to quickly compile
using C-c C-c (instead of M-x compile), a habit from latex-mode.
(defun c-setup ()
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
(add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'c-setup)Some statements in Java appear often, and become tedious to write out. We can use abbrevs to speed this up.
(define-abbrev-table 'java-mode-abbrev-table
'(("psv" "public static void main(String[] args) {" nil 0)
("sopl" "System.out.println" nil 0)
("sop" "System.out.printf" nil 0)))
To be able to use the abbrev table defined above, abbrev-mode must be
activated.
(defun java-setup ()
(abbrev-mode t)
(setq-local compile-command (concat "javac " (buffer-name))))
(add-hook 'java-mode-hook 'java-setup)Assembler
When writing assembler code I use # for comments. By defining
comment-start we can add comments using M-; like in other programming
modes. Also in assembler should one be able to compile using C-c C-c.
(defun asm-setup ()
(setq comment-start "#")
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
(add-hook 'asm-mode-hook 'asm-setup)LaTeX
.tex-files should be associated with latex-mode instead of
tex-mode.
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.tex\\'" . latex-mode))I like using the Minted package for source blocks in LaTeX. To make org use this we add the following snippet.
(add-to-list 'org-latex-packages-alist '("" "minted"))
(setq org-latex-listings 'minted)
Because Minted uses Pygments (an external process), we must add the
-shell-escape option to the org-latex-pdf-process commands.
(setq org-latex-pdf-process
(mapcar
(lambda (str)
(concat "pdflatex -shell-escape "
(substring str (string-match "-" str))))
org-latex-pdf-process))Python
Jedi offers very nice auto completion for python-mode. Mind that it is
dependent on some python programs as well, so make sure you follow the
instructions from the site.
(setq jedi:server-command
(cons "python3" (cdr jedi:server-command))
python-shell-interpreter "python3")
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:setup)
(setq jedi:complete-on-dot t)
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:ac-setup)Haskell
haskell-doc-mode is similar to eldoc, it displays documentation in
the echo area. Haskell has several indentation modes - I prefer using
haskell-indent.
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-doc-mode)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent)