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#+TITLE: Emacs configuration file
#+AUTHOR: Lars Tveito
#+BABEL: :cache yes
#+LATEX_HEADER: \usepackage{parskip}
#+LATEX_HEADER: \usepackage{inconsolata}
#+PROPERTY: header-args :tangle yes :comments org
* About
This is an Emacs configuration file written in [[http://orgmode.org][Org mode]]. It is an attempt
to keep my =~/.emacs.d= tidy, but still be able to keep it all in one
file. I aim to briefly explain all my configurations as I go along!
I would not recommend using this configuration /as-is/, because it
probably contains a lot you don't really need. I do, however, hope people
find some golden nuggets that they can smuggle into their own configs.
If you really do want to try this config out, this is how I'd go about it: *Clone the repo.*
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
git clone https://github.com/larstvei/dot-emacs
#+END_SRC *Backup your old =~/.emacs.d= (if necessary).*
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
mv ~/.emacs.d ~/.emacs.d-bak
#+END_SRC *Backup your old =~/.emacs=-file (if necessary).*
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
mv ~/.emacs ~/.emacs-bak
#+END_SRC *And finally*
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
mv dot-emacs ~/.emacs.d
#+END_SRC
On first run it should install a bunch of packages (this might take a
while), and you might have to restart your Emacs the first time. If you
experience bugs, please let me know!
* Configurations
** Meta
All changes to the configuration should be done in =init.org=, *not* in =init.el=. Any changes in the =init.el= will be overwritten by saving =init.org=. The =init.el= in this repo should not be tracked by git, and
is replaced the first time Emacs is started (assuming it has been renamed
to =~/.emacs.d=).
Emacs can't load =.org=-files directly, but =org-mode= provides functions
to extract the code blocks and write them to a file. There are multiple
ways of handling this; like suggested by [[http://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/3143/can-i-use-org-mode-to-structure-my-emacs-or-other-el-configuration-file][this StackOverflow post]], one
could just use =org-babel-load-file=, but I had problems with
byte-compilation. Previously I tracked both the =org.=- and =el.=-files,
but the git commits got a little messy. So here is a new approach.
When this configuration is loaded for the first time, the ~init.el~ is
the file that is loaded. It looks like this:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
;; This file replaces itself with the actual configuration at first run.
;; We can't tangle without org!
(require 'org)
;; Open the configuration
(find-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.org"))
;; tangle it
(org-babel-tangle)
;; load it
(load-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el"))
;; finally byte-compile it
(byte-compile-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el"))
#+END_SRC
It tangles the org-file, so that this file is overwritten with the actual
configuration.
There is no reason to track the =init.el= that is generated; by running
the following command =git= will not bother tracking it:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
git update-index --assume-unchanged init.el
#+END_SRC
If one wishes to make changes to the repo-version of =init.el= start
tracking again with:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh :tangle no
git update-index --no-assume-unchanged init.el
#+END_SRC
The =init.el= should (after the first run) mirror the source blocks in
the =init.org=. We can use =C-c C-v t= to run =org-babel-tangle=, which
extracts the code blocks from the current file into a source-specific
file (in this case a =.el=-file).
To avoid doing this each time a change is made we can add a function to
the =after-save-hook= ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile the =org=-document after changes.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun tangle-init ()
"If the current buffer is 'init.org' the code-blocks are
tangled, and the tangled file is compiled."
(when (equal (buffer-file-name)
(expand-file-name (concat user-emacs-directory "init.org")))
;; Avoid running hooks when tangling.
(let ((prog-mode-hook nil))
(org-babel-tangle)
(byte-compile-file (concat user-emacs-directory "init.el")))))
(add-hook 'after-save-hook 'tangle-init)
#+END_SRC
I'd like to keep a few settings private, so we load a =private.el= if it
exists after the init-file has loaded.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook
'after-init-hook
(lambda ()
(let ((private-file (concat user-emacs-directory "private.el")))
(when (file-exists-p private-file)
(load-file private-file)))))
#+END_SRC
** Package
Managing extensions for Emacs is simplified using =package= which is
built in to Emacs 24 and newer. To load downloaded packages we need to
initialize =package=. =cl= is a library that contains many functions from
Common Lisp, and comes in handy quite often, so we want to make sure it's
loaded, along with =package=, which is obviously needed.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(require 'cl)
(require 'package)
(package-initialize)
#+END_SRC
Packages can be fetched from different mirrors, [[http://melpa.milkbox.net/#/][melpa]] is the largest
archive and is well maintained.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq package-archives
'(("gnu" . "http://elpa.gnu.org/packages/")
("org" . "http://orgmode.org/elpa/")
("MELPA" . "http://melpa.milkbox.net/packages/")))
#+END_SRC
The configuration assumes that the packages listed below are
installed. To ensure we install missing packages if they are missing.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(let* ((packages
'(ac-geiser ; Auto-complete backend for geiser
ac-slime ; An auto-complete source using slime completions
ace-jump-mode ; quick cursor location minor mode
auto-compile ; automatically compile Emacs Lisp libraries
auto-complete ; auto completion
centered-window-mode ; Center the text when there's only one window
elscreen ; window session manager
expand-region ; Increase selected region by semantic units
flx-ido ; flx integration for ido
idle-require ; load elisp libraries while Emacs is idle
ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically
geiser ; GNU Emacs and Scheme talk to each other
haskell-mode ; A Haskell editing mode
jedi ; Python auto-completion for Emacs
js2-mode ; Improved JavaScript editing mode
magit ; control Git from Emacs
markdown-mode ; Emacs Major mode for Markdown-formatted files
matlab-mode ; MATLAB integration with Emacs
monokai-theme ; A fruity color theme for Emacs
move-text ; Move current line or region with M-up or M-down
multiple-cursors ; Multiple cursors for Emacs.
org ; Outline-based notes management and organizer
paredit ; minor mode for editing parentheses
powerline ; Rewrite of Powerline
pretty-lambdada ; the word `lambda' as the Greek letter.
projectile ; Manage and navigate projects in Emacs easily
slime ; Superior Lisp Interaction Mode for Emacs
smex ; M-x interface with Ido-style fuzzy matching
undo-tree ; Treat undo history as a tree
try)) ; Try out Emacs packages
;; Remove all packages already installed
(packages (remove-if 'package-installed-p packages)))
(when packages
(package-refresh-contents)
(mapcar 'package-install packages)
;; This package is only relevant for Mac OS X.
(when (memq window-system '(mac ns))
(pacakge-install-package 'exec-path-from-shell))))
#+END_SRC
** Mac OS X
I run this configuration mostly on Mac OS X, so we need a couple of
settings to make things work smoothly. In the package section =exec-path-from-shell= is included (only if you're running OS X), this is
to include environment-variables from the shell. It makes useing Emacs
along with external processes a lot simpler. I also prefer using the =Command=-key as the =Meta=-key.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(when (memq window-system '(mac ns))
(setq mac-option-modifier nil
mac-command-modifier 'meta
x-select-enable-clipboard t)
(exec-path-from-shell-initialize))
#+END_SRC
** Require
Some features are not loaded by default to minimize initialization time,
so they have to be required (or loaded, if you will). =require=-calls
tends to lead to the largest bottleneck's in a
configuration. =idle-require= delays the =require=-calls to a time where
Emacs is in idle. So this is great for stuff you eventually want to load,
but is not a high priority.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(require 'idle-require) ; Need in order to use idle-require
(require 'auto-complete-config) ; a configuration for auto-complete-mode
(dolist (feature
'(auto-compile ; auto-compile .el files
jedi ; auto-completion for python
matlab ; matlab-mode
ob-matlab ; org-babel matlab
ox-latex ; the latex-exporter (from org)
ox-md ; Markdown exporter (from org)
pretty-lambdada ; show 'lambda' as the greek letter.
recentf ; recently opened files
smex ; M-x interface Ido-style.
tex-mode)) ; TeX, LaTeX, and SliTeX mode commands
(idle-require feature))
(setq idle-require-idle-delay 5)
(idle-require-mode 1)
#+END_SRC
** Sane defaults
These are what /I/ consider to be saner defaults.
We can set variables to whatever value we'd like using =setq=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq default-input-method "TeX" ; Use TeX when toggling input method.
doc-view-continuous t ; At page edge goto next/previous.
echo-keystrokes 0.1 ; Show keystrokes asap.
inhibit-startup-message t ; No splash screen please.
initial-scratch-message nil ; Clean scratch buffer.
ring-bell-function 'ignore ; Quiet.
;; Save undo history between sessions, if you have an undo-dir
undo-tree-auto-save-history
(file-exists-p
(concat user-emacs-directory "undo"))
undo-tree-history-directory-alist
;; Put undo-history files in a directory, if it exists.
(let ((undo-dir (concat user-emacs-directory "undo")))
(and (file-exists-p undo-dir)
(list (cons "." undo-dir)))))
;; Some mac-bindings interfere with Emacs bindings.
(when (boundp 'mac-pass-command-to-system)
(setq mac-pass-command-to-system nil))
#+END_SRC
Some variables are buffer-local, so changing them using =setq= will only
change them in a single buffer. Using =setq-default= we change the
buffer-local variable's default value.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default fill-column 76 ; Maximum line width.
indent-tabs-mode nil ; Use spaces instead of tabs.
split-width-threshold 100 ; Split verticly by default.
auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) ; Auto-fill-mode everywhere.
#+END_SRC
The =load-path= specifies where Emacs should look for =.el=-files (or
Emacs lisp files). I have a directory called =site-lisp= where I keep all
extensions that have been installed manually (these are mostly my own
projects).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(let ((default-directory (concat user-emacs-directory "site-lisp/")))
(when (file-exists-p default-directory)
(normal-top-level-add-to-load-path '("."))
(normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path)))
#+END_SRC
Answering /yes/ and /no/ to each question from Emacs can be tedious, a
single /y/ or /n/ will suffice.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(fset 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
#+END_SRC
To avoid file system clutter we put all auto saved files in a single
directory.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar emacs-autosave-directory
(concat user-emacs-directory "autosaves/")
"This variable dictates where to put auto saves. It is set to a
directory called autosaves located wherever your .emacs.d/ is
located.")
;; Sets all files to be backed up and auto saved in a single directory.
(setq backup-directory-alist
`((".*" . ,emacs-autosave-directory))
auto-save-file-name-transforms
`((".*" ,emacs-autosave-directory t)))
#+END_SRC
Set =utf-8= as preferred coding system.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(set-language-environment "UTF-8")
#+END_SRC
By default the =narrow-to-region= command is disabled and issues a
warning, because it might confuse new users. I find it useful sometimes,
and don't want to be warned.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)
#+END_SRC
Call =auto-complete= default configuration, which enables =auto-complete=
globally.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'auto-complete-config `(ac-config-default))
#+END_SRC
Automaticly revert =doc-view=-buffers when the file changes on disk.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'doc-view-mode-hook 'auto-revert-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Modes
There are some modes that are enabled by default that I don't find
particularly useful. We create a list of these modes, and disable all of
these.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(dolist (mode
'(tool-bar-mode ; No toolbars, more room for text.
scroll-bar-mode ; No scroll bars either.
blink-cursor-mode)) ; The blinking cursor gets old.
(funcall mode 0))
#+END_SRC
Let's apply the same technique for enabling modes that are disabled by
default.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(dolist (mode
'(abbrev-mode ; E.g. sopl -> System.out.println.
column-number-mode ; Show column number in mode line.
delete-selection-mode ; Replace selected text.
dirtrack-mode ; directory tracking in *shell*
recentf-mode ; Recently opened files.
show-paren-mode ; Highlight matching parentheses.
projectile-global-mode ; Manage and navigate projects.
global-undo-tree-mode)) ; Undo as a tree.
(funcall mode 1))
(when (version< emacs-version "24.4")
(eval-after-load 'auto-compile
'((auto-compile-on-save-mode 1)))) ; compile .el files on save.
#+END_SRC
This makes =.md=-files open in =markdown-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.md\\'" . markdown-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Visual
Change the color-theme to =leuven=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(load-theme 'leuven t)
#+END_SRC =leuven= is my preferred light theme, but =monokai= makes a very nice
dark theme. I want to be able to cycle between these.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun cycle-themes ()
"Returns a function that lets you cycle your themes."
(lexical-let ((themes '#1=(leuven monokai . #1#)))
(lambda ()
(interactive)
;; Rotates the thme cycle and changes the current theme.
(load-theme (car (setq themes (cdr themes))) t))))
#+END_SRC
Use the [[http://www.levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html][Inconsolata]] font if it's installed on the system.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(when (member "Inconsolata" (font-family-list))
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Inconsolata-14"))
#+END_SRC
# [[https://github.com/milkypostman/powerline][Powerline]] is an extension to customize the mode line. This is modified
# version =powerline-nano-theme=.
# #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
# (setq-default
# mode-line-format
# '("%e"
# (:eval
# (let* ((active (powerline-selected-window-active))
# ;; left hand side displays Read only or Modified.
# (lhs (list (powerline-raw
# (cond (buffer-read-only "Read only")
# ((buffer-modified-p) "Modified")
# (t "")) nil 'l)))
# ;; right side hand displays (line,column).
# (rhs (list
# (powerline-raw
# (concat
# "(" (number-to-string (line-number-at-pos))
# "," (number-to-string (current-column)) ")") nil 'r)))
# ;; center displays buffer name.
# (center (list (powerline-raw "%b" nil))))
# (concat (powerline-render lhs)
# (powerline-fill-center nil (/ (powerline-width center) 2.0))
# (powerline-render center)
# (powerline-fill nil (powerline-width rhs))
# (powerline-render rhs))))))
# #+END_SRC
# This is what it looks like:
# [[./powerline.png]]
** Ido
Interactive do (or =ido-mode=) changes the way you switch buffers and
open files/directories. Instead of writing complete file paths and buffer
names you can write a part of it and select one from a list of
possibilities. Using =ido-vertical-mode= changes the way possibilities
are displayed, and =flx-ido-mode= enables fuzzy matching.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(dolist (mode
'(ido-mode ; Interactivly do.
ido-everywhere ; Use Ido for all buffer/file reading.
ido-vertical-mode ; Makes ido-mode display vertically.
flx-ido-mode)) ; Toggle flx ido mode.
(funcall mode 1))
#+END_SRC
We can set the order of file selections in =ido=. I prioritize source
files along with =org=- and =tex=-files.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq ido-file-extensions-order
'(".el" ".scm" ".lisp" ".java" ".c" ".h" ".org" ".tex"))
#+END_SRC
Sometimes when using =ido-switch-buffer= the =*Messages*= buffer get in
the way, so we set it to be ignored (it can be accessed using =C-h e=, so
there is really no need for it in the buffer list).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-to-list 'ido-ignore-buffers "*Messages*")
#+END_SRC
To make =M-x= behave more like =ido-mode= we can use the =smex=
package. It needs to be initialized, and we can replace the binding to
the standard =execute-extended-command= with =smex=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(smex-initialize)
#+END_SRC
** Calendar
Define a function to display week numbers in =calender-mode=. The snippet
is from [[http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers][EmacsWiki]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun calendar-show-week (arg)
"Displaying week number in calendar-mode."
(interactive "P")
(copy-face font-lock-constant-face 'calendar-iso-week-face)
(set-face-attribute
'calendar-iso-week-face nil :height 0.7)
(setq calendar-intermonth-text
(and arg
'(propertize
(format
"%2d"
(car (calendar-iso-from-absolute
(calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
(list month day year)))))
'font-lock-face 'calendar-iso-week-face))))
#+END_SRC
Evaluate the =calendar-show-week= function.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(calendar-show-week t)
#+END_SRC
Set Monday as the first day of the week, and set my location.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq calendar-week-start-day 1
calendar-latitude 60.0
calendar-longitude 10.7
calendar-location-name "Oslo, Norway")
#+END_SRC
** mu4e and offlineimap
I might not be at a computer using my very specific mail-setup, but if my
mail-folder exists, then it's probably safe to load.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar load-mail-setup (file-exists-p "~/.ifimail"))
#+END_SRC
I use [[http://www.djcbsoftware.nl/code/mu/mu4e.html][mu4e]] (which is a part of [[http://www.djcbsoftware.nl/code/mu/][mu]]) along with [[http://docs.offlineimap.org/en/latest/][offlineimap]] on one of my
computers.
*** mu4e
mu4e must be informed where it can find your mail and where the
different folders of interest are located. Some additional mu4e-tweaks
are supplied here as well. ~message-insert-signature~ is an existing Emacs function, that adds your
signature prefixed by a ~"-- "~ at the end of the email, which is a
convention I don't really follow. I redefine it as a function that adds
some newlines and my signature at the top of the email.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(when load-mail-setup
(eval-after-load 'mu4e
'(progn
;; Some basic mu4e settings.
(setq mu4e-maildir "~/.ifimail" ; top-level Maildir
mu4e-sent-folder "/Sent Items" ; folder for sent messages
mu4e-drafts-folder "/INBOX.Drafts" ; unfinished messages
mu4e-trash-folder "/INBOX.Trash" ; trashed messages
mu4e-get-mail-command "offlineimap" ; offlineimap to fetch mail
mu4e-compose-signature "- Lars" ; Sign my name
mu4e-update-interval (* 5 60) ; update every 5 min
mu4e-confirm-quit nil ; just quit
mu4e-view-show-images t ; view images
mu4e-html2text-command
"html2text -utf8") ; use utf-8
;; Setup for sending mail.
(setq user-full-name
"Lars Tveito" ; Your full name
user-mail-address
"larstvei@ifi.uio.no" ; And email-address
smtpmail-smtp-server
"smtp.uio.no" ; Host to mail-server
smtpmail-smtp-service 465 ; Port to mail-server
smtpmail-stream-type 'ssl ; Protocol used for sending
send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it ; Use smpt to send
mail-user-agent 'mu4e-user-agent) ; Use mu4e
;; Register file types that can be handled by ImageMagick.
(when (fboundp 'imagemagick-register-types)
(imagemagick-register-types))
(add-hook 'mu4e-compose-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(auto-fill-mode 0)
(visual-line-mode 1)
(ispell-change-dictionary "norsk")))
(add-hook 'mu4e-view-mode-hook (lambda () (visual-line-mode 1)))
(defun message-insert-signature ()
(goto-char (point-min))
(search-forward-regexp "^$")
(insert "\n\n\n" mu4e-compose-signature))))
(autoload 'mu4e "mu4e" nil t))
#+END_SRC
** Flyspell
Flyspell offers on-the-fly spell checking. We can enable flyspell for all
text-modes with this snippet.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-flyspell)
#+END_SRC
To use flyspell for programming there is =flyspell-prog-mode=, that only
enables spell checking for comments and strings. We can enable it for all
programming modes using the =prog-mode-hook=. Flyspell interferes with
auto-complete mode, but there is a workaround provided by auto complete.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'prog-mode-hook 'flyspell-prog-mode)
(eval-after-load 'auto-complete
'(ac-flyspell-workaround))
#+END_SRC
When working with several languages, we should be able to cycle through
the languages we most frequently use. Every buffer should have a separate
cycle of languages, so that cycling in one buffer does not change the
state in a different buffer (this problem occurs if you only have one
global cycle). We can implement this by using a [[http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/elisp/Closures.html][closure]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun cycle-languages ()
"Changes the ispell dictionary to the first element in
ISPELL-LANGUAGES, and returns an interactive function that cycles
the languages in ISPELL-LANGUAGES when invoked."
(lexical-let ((ispell-languages '#1=("american" "norsk" . #1#)))
(ispell-change-dictionary (car ispell-languages))
(lambda ()
(interactive)
;; Rotates the languages cycle and changes the ispell dictionary.
(ispell-change-dictionary
(car (setq ispell-languages (cdr ispell-languages)))))))
#+END_SRC =Flyspell= signals an error if there is no spell-checking tool is
installed. We can advice =turn-on-flyspell= and =flyspell-prog-mode= to
only try to enable =flyspell= if a spell-checking tool is available. Also
we want to enable cycling the languages by typing =C-c l=, so we bind the
function returned from =cycle-languages=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice turn-on-flyspell (before check nil activate)
"Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed."
(when (executable-find ispell-program-name)
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c l") (cycle-languages))))
#+END_SRC
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice flyspell-prog-mode (before check nil activate)
"Turns on flyspell only if a spell-checking tool is installed."
(when (executable-find ispell-program-name)
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c l") (cycle-languages))))
#+END_SRC
** Org
I use =org-agenda= for appointments and such.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday nil ; Show agenda from today.
org-agenda-files '("~/Dropbox/cal.org") ; A list of agenda files.
org-agenda-default-appointment-duration 120) ; 2 hours appointments.
#+END_SRC
When editing org-files with source-blocks, we want the source blocks to
be themed as they would in their native mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq org-src-fontify-natively t
org-confirm-babel-evaluate nil)
#+END_SRC
This is quite an ugly fix for allowing code markup for expressions like ="this string"=, because the quotation marks causes problems.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;;(require 'org)
(eval-after-load "org"
'(progn
(setcar (nthcdr 2 org-emphasis-regexp-components) " \t\n,")
(custom-set-variables `(org-emphasis-alist ',org-emphasis-alist))))
#+END_SRC
** Interactive functions
<<sec:defuns>>
To search recent files useing =ido-mode= we add this snippet from
[[http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CalendarWeekNumbers][EmacsWiki]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun recentf-ido-find-file ()
"Find a recent file using Ido."
(interactive)
(let ((f (ido-completing-read "Choose recent file: " recentf-list nil t)))
(when f
(find-file f))))
#+END_SRC =just-one-space= removes all whitespace around a point - giving it a
negative argument it removes newlines as well. We wrap a interactive
function around it to be able to bind it to a key. In Emacs 24.4 =cycle-spacing= was introduced, and it works like just one space, but
when run in succession it cycles between one, zero and the original
number of spaces.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun cycle-spacing-delete-newlines ()
"Removes whitespace before and after the point."
(interactive)
(if (version< emacs-version "24.4")
(just-one-space -1)
(cycle-spacing -1)))
#+END_SRC
Often I want to find other occurrences of a word I'm at, or more
specifically the symbol (or tag) I'm at. The =isearch-forward-symbol-at-point= in Emacs 24.4 works well for this, but
I don't want to be bothered with the =isearch= interface. Rather jump
quickly between occurrences of a symbol, or if non is found, don't do
anything.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun jump-to-symbol-internal (&optional backwardp)
"Jumps to the next symbol near the point if such a symbol
exists. If BACKWARDP is non-nil it jumps backward."
(let* ((point (point))
(bounds (find-tag-default-bounds))
(beg (car bounds)) (end (cdr bounds))
(str (isearch-symbol-regexp (find-tag-default)))
(search (if backwardp 'search-backward-regexp
'search-forward-regexp)))
(goto-char (if backwardp beg end))
(funcall search str nil t)
(cond ((<= beg (point) end) (goto-char point))
(backwardp (forward-char (- point beg)))
(t (backward-char (- end point))))))
(defun jump-to-previous-like-this ()
"Jumps to the previous occurrence of the symbol at point."
(interactive)
(jump-to-symbol-internal t))
(defun jump-to-next-like-this ()
"Jumps to the next occurrence of the symbol at point."
(interactive)
(jump-to-symbol-internal))
#+END_SRC
I sometimes regret killing the =*scratch*=-buffer, and have realized I
never want to actually kill it. I just want to get it out of the way, and
clean it up. The function below does just this for the =*scratch*=-buffer, and works like =kill-this-buffer= for any other
buffer. It removes all buffer content and buries the buffer (this means
making it the least likely candidate for =other-buffer=).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun kill-this-buffer-unless-scratch ()
"Works like `kill-this-buffer' unless the current buffer is the
,*scratch* buffer. In witch case the buffer content is deleted and
the buffer is buried."
(interactive)
(if (not (string= (buffer-name) "*scratch*"))
(kill-this-buffer)
(delete-region (point-min) (point-max))
(switch-to-buffer (other-buffer))
(bury-buffer "*scratch*")))
#+END_SRC
To duplicate either selected text or a line we define this interactive
function.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun duplicate-thing (comment)
"Duplicates the current line, or the region if active. If an argument is
given, the duplicated region will be commented out."
(interactive "P")
(save-excursion
(let ((start (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-at-bol)))
(end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-at-eol))))
(goto-char end)
(unless (region-active-p)
(newline))
(insert (buffer-substring start end))
(when comment (comment-region start end)))))
#+END_SRC
To tidy up a buffer we define this function borrowed from [[https://github.com/simenheg][simenheg]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun tidy ()
"Ident, untabify and unwhitespacify current buffer, or region if active."
(interactive)
(let ((beg (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning) (point-min)))
(end (if (region-active-p) (region-end) (point-max))))
(indent-region beg end)
(whitespace-cleanup)
(untabify beg (if (< end (point-max)) end (point-max)))))
#+END_SRC
** Advice
An advice can be given to a function to make it behave differently. This
advice makes =eval-last-sexp= (bound to =C-x C-e=) replace the sexp with
the value.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice eval-last-sexp (around replace-sexp (arg) activate)
"Replace sexp when called with a prefix argument."
(if arg
(let ((pos (point)))
ad-do-it
(goto-char pos)
(backward-kill-sexp)
(forward-sexp))
ad-do-it))
#+END_SRC
When interactively changing the theme (using =M-x load-theme=), the
current custom theme is not disabled. This often gives weird-looking
results; we can advice =load-theme= to always disable themes currently
enabled themes.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice load-theme
(before disable-before-load (theme &optional no-confirm no-enable) activate)
(mapc 'disable-theme custom-enabled-themes))
#+END_SRC
** Presentation-mode
When giving talks it's nice to be able to adjust the size of everything
(not just a buffer like ~text-scale-mode~ provides). This is not a
particularly neat solution, but it works OK. It simply
increases/decreases the size of the font. It assumes that your using
Inconsolata with size 14 by default. This should be probably be
generalized (or maybe be substituted by a package if it's out there).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun global-scale-default ()
(interactive)
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Inconsolata-14"))
(lexical-let ((size 14))
(defun global-scale-up ()
(interactive)
(set-face-attribute
'default nil
:font (concat "Inconsolata-" (number-to-string (incf size)))))
(defun global-scale-down ()
(interactive)
(set-face-attribute
'default nil
:font (concat "Inconsolata-" (number-to-string (decf size))))))
#+END_SRC
* Mode specific
** Shell
I use =shell= whenever i want to use access the command line in Emacs. I
keep a symlink between my =~/.bash_profile= (because I run OS X) and =~/.emacs_bash=, to make the transition between my standard terminal and
the shell as small as possible. To be able to quickly switch back and
forth between a shell I make use of this little function.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun toggle-shell ()
"Jumps to eshell or back."
(interactive)
(if (string= (buffer-name) "*shell*")
(switch-to-prev-buffer)
(shell)))
#+END_SRC
I'd like the =C-l= to work more like the standard terminal (which works
like running =clear=), and resolve this by simply removing the
buffer-content. Mind that this is not how =clear= works, it simply adds a
bunch of newlines, and puts the prompt at the top of the window, so it
does not remove anything. In Emacs removing stuff is less of a worry,
since we can always undo!
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun clear-comint ()
"Runs `comint-truncate-buffer' with the
`comint-buffer-maximum-size' set to zero."
(interactive)
(let ((comint-buffer-maximum-size 0))
(comint-truncate-buffer)))
#+END_SRC
Lastly we should bind our functions. The =toggle-shell= should be a
global binding (because we want to be able to switch to a shell from any
buffer), but the =clear-shell= should only affect =shell-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'comint-mode-hook (lambda () (local-set-key (kbd "C-l") 'clear-comint)))
#+END_SRC
** Lisp =Pretty-lambda= provides a customizable variable =pretty-lambda-auto-modes= that is a list of common lisp modes. Here we
can add some extra lisp-modes. We run the =pretty-lambda-for-modes=
function to activate =pretty-lambda-mode= in lisp modes.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(dolist (mode '(slime-repl-mode geiser-repl-mode ielm-mode clojure-mode
cider-repl-mode))
(add-to-list 'pretty-lambda-auto-modes mode))
(pretty-lambda-for-modes)
#+END_SRC
I use =Paredit= when editing lisp code, we enable this for all lisp-modes
in the =pretty-lambda-auto-modes= list.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(dolist (mode pretty-lambda-auto-modes)
;; add paredit-mode to all mode-hooks
(add-hook (intern (concat (symbol-name mode) "-hook")) 'paredit-mode))
#+END_SRC
*** Emacs Lisp
In =emacs-lisp-mode= we can enable =eldoc-mode= to display information
about a function or a variable in the echo area.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)
(add-hook 'lisp-interaction-mode-hook 'turn-on-eldoc-mode)
#+END_SRC
*** Common lisp
I use [[http://www.common-lisp.net/project/slime/][Slime]] along with =lisp-mode= to edit Common Lisp code. Slime
provides code evaluation and other great features, a must have for a
Common Lisp developer. [[http://www.quicklisp.org/beta/][Quicklisp]] is a library manager for Common Lisp,
and you can install Slime following the instructions from the site along
with this snippet.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun activate-slime-helper ()
(when (file-exists-p "~/.quicklisp/slime-helper.elc")
(load (expand-file-name "~/.quicklisp/slime-helper.elc"))
(define-key slime-repl-mode-map (kbd "C-l")
'slime-repl-clear-buffer))
(remove-hook 'lisp-mode-hook #'activate-slime-helper))
(add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook #'activate-slime-helper)
#+END_SRC
We can specify what Common Lisp program Slime should use (I use SBCL).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq inferior-lisp-program "sbcl")
#+END_SRC
To improve auto completion for Common Lisp editing we can use =ac-slime=
which uses slime completions as a source.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'slime-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
(add-hook 'slime-repl-mode-hook 'set-up-slime-ac)
(eval-after-load "auto-complete"
'(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'slime-repl-mode))
#+END_SRC
More sensible =loop= indentation, borrowed from [[https://github.com/simenheg][simenheg]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq lisp-loop-forms-indentation 6
lisp-simple-loop-indentation 2
lisp-loop-keyword-indentation 6)
#+END_SRC
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
#+END_SRC
*** Scheme
[[http://www.nongnu.org/geiser/][Geiser]] provides features similar to Slime for Scheme editing. Everything
works pretty much out of the box, we only need to add auto completion,
and specify which scheme-interpreter we prefer.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'geiser-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
(add-hook 'geiser-repl-mode-hook 'ac-geiser-setup)
(eval-after-load "auto-complete"
'(add-to-list 'ac-modes 'geiser-repl-mode))
(eval-after-load "geiser"
'(setq geiser-active-implementations '(racket)))
#+END_SRC
** Java and C
The =c-mode-common-hook= is a general hook that work on all C-like
languages (C, C++, Java, etc...). I like being able to quickly compile
using =C-c C-c= (instead of =M-x compile=), a habit from =latex-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun c-setup ()
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
(add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook 'c-setup)
#+END_SRC
Some statements in Java appear often, and become tedious to write
out. We can use abbrevs to speed this up.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-abbrev-table 'java-mode-abbrev-table
'(("psv" "public static void main(String[] args) {" nil 0)
("sopl" "System.out.println" nil 0)
("sop" "System.out.printf" nil 0)))
#+END_SRC
To be able to use the abbrev table defined above, =abbrev-mode= must be
activated.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun java-setup ()
(abbrev-mode t)
(setq-local compile-command (concat "javac " (buffer-name))))
(add-hook 'java-mode-hook 'java-setup)
#+END_SRC
** Assembler
When writing assembler code I use =#= for comments. By defining =comment-start= we can add comments using =M-;= like in other programming
modes. Also in assembler should one be able to compile using =C-c C-c=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun asm-setup ()
(setq comment-start "#")
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c C-c") 'compile))
(add-hook 'asm-mode-hook 'asm-setup)
#+END_SRC
** LaTeX and org-mode LaTeX export =.tex=-files should be associated with =latex-mode= instead of =tex-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.tex\\'" . latex-mode))
#+END_SRC
Use ~biblatex~ for bibliography.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default bibtex-dialect 'biblatex)
#+END_SRC
I like using the [[https://code.google.com/p/minted/][Minted]] package for source blocks in LaTeX. To make org
use this we add the following snippet.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'org
'(add-to-list 'org-latex-packages-alist '("" "minted")))
(setq org-latex-listings 'minted)
#+END_SRC
Because [[https://code.google.com/p/minted/][Minted]] uses [[http://pygments.org][Pygments]] (an external process), we must add the =-shell-escape= option to the =org-latex-pdf-process= commands. The =tex-compile-commands= variable controls the default compile command for
Tex- and LaTeX-mode, we can add the flag with a rather dirty statement
(if anyone finds a nicer way to do this, please let me know).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'tex-mode
'(setcar (cdr (cddaar tex-compile-commands)) " -shell-escape "))
#+END_SRC
When exporting from Org to LaTeX, use ~latexmk~ for compilation.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'ox-latex
'(setq org-latex-pdf-process
'("latexmk -pdflatex='pdflatex -shell-escape -interaction nonstopmode' -pdf -f %f")))
#+END_SRC
For my thesis, I need to use our university's LaTeX class, this snippet
makes that class available.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load "ox-latex"
'(progn
(add-to-list 'org-latex-classes
'("ifimaster"
"\\documentclass{ifimaster}
[DEFAULT-PACKAGES]
[PACKAGES]
[EXTRA]
\\usepackage{babel,csquotes,ifimasterforside,url,varioref}"
("\\chapter{%s}" . "\\chapter*{%s}")
("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}")
("\\paragraph{%s}" . "\\paragraph*{%s}")
("\\subparagraph{%s}" . "\\subparagraph*{%s}")))
(custom-set-variables '(org-export-allow-bind-keywords t))))
#+END_SRC
** Markdown
I sometimes use a specialized markdown format, where inline math-blocks
can be achieved by surrounding a LaTeX formula with =$math$= and =$/math$=. Writing these out became tedious, so I wrote a small function.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun insert-markdown-inline-math-block ()
"Inserts an empty math-block if no region is active, otherwise wrap a
math-block around the region."
(interactive)
(let* ((beg (region-beginning))
(end (region-end))
(body (if (region-active-p) (buffer-substring beg end) "")))
(when (region-active-p)
(delete-region beg end))
(insert (concat "$math$ " body " $/math$"))
(search-backward " $/math$")))
#+END_SRC
Most of my writing in this markup is in Norwegian, so the dictionary is
set accordingly. The markup is also sensitive to line breaks, so =auto-fill-mode= is disabled. Of course we want to bind our lovely
function to a key!
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'markdown-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(auto-fill-mode 0)
(ispell-change-dictionary "norsk")
(local-set-key (kbd "C-c b") 'insert-markdown-inline-math-block)) t)
#+END_SRC
** Python
# [[http://tkf.github.io/emacs-jedi/released/][Jedi]] offers very nice auto completion for =python-mode=. Mind that it is
# dependent on some python programs as well, so make sure you follow the
# instructions from the site.
# #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
# ;; (setq jedi:server-command
# ;; (cons "python3" (cdr jedi:server-command))
# ;; python-shell-interpreter "python3")
# (add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:setup)
# (setq jedi:complete-on-dot t)
# (add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'jedi:ac-setup)
# #+END_SRC
** Haskell =haskell-doc-mode= is similar to =eldoc=, it displays documentation in
the echo area. Haskell has several indentation modes - I prefer using =haskell-indent=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-doc-mode)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent)
#+END_SRC
** Matlab =Matlab-mode= works pretty good out of the box, but we can do without the
splash screen.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'matlab
'(add-to-list 'matlab-shell-command-switches "-nosplash"))
#+END_SRC
* Key bindings
Inspired by [[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/683425/globally-override-key-binding-in-emacs][this StackOverflow post]] I keep a =custom-bindings-map= that
holds all my custom bindings. This map can be activated by toggling a
simple =minor-mode= that does nothing more than activating the map. This
inhibits other =major-modes= to override these bindings. I keep this at
the end of the init-file to make sure that all functions are actually
defined.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar custom-bindings-map (make-keymap)
"A keymap for custom bindings.")
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[https://github.com/magnars/expand-region.el][expand-region]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-'") 'er/expand-region)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-\"") 'er/contract-region)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[https://github.com/magnars/multiple-cursors.el][multiple-cursors]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c e") 'mc/edit-lines)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c a") 'mc/mark-all-like-this)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c n") 'mc/mark-next-like-this)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[http://magit.github.io][Magit]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c m") 'magit-status)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[https://github.com/winterTTr/ace-jump-mode][ace-jump-mode]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c SPC") 'ace-jump-mode)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[http://emacs-helm.github.io/helm/][Helm]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c h g") 'helm-google-suggest)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for [[https://github.com/nonsequitur/smex][smex]]. This overrides the standard =M-x=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "M-x") 'smex)
#+END_SRC
Bindings for =move-text=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "<M-S-up>") 'move-text-up)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "<M-S-down>") 'move-text-down)
#+END_SRC
Bind some native Emacs functions.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-j") 'newline-and-indent)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c s") 'ispell-word)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c t") 'org-agenda-list)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-x C-r") 'recentf-ido-find-file)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-x m") 'mu4e)
#+END_SRC
Bind the functions defined [[sec:defuns][above]].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-key global-map (kbd "M-p") 'jump-to-previous-like-this)
(define-key global-map (kbd "M-n") 'jump-to-next-like-this)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "M-,") 'jump-to-previous-like-this)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "M-.") 'jump-to-next-like-this)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c .") (cycle-themes))
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-x k") 'kill-this-buffer-unless-scratch)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c C-0") 'global-scale-default)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c C-=") 'global-scale-up)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c C--") 'global-scale-down)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-x t") 'toggle-shell)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c j") 'cycle-spacing-delete-newlines)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "C-c d") 'duplicate-thing)
(define-key custom-bindings-map (kbd "<C-tab>") 'tidy)
#+END_SRC
Lastly we need to activate the map by creating and activating the =minor-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(define-minor-mode custom-bindings-mode
"A mode that activates custom-bindings."
t nil custom-bindings-map)
#+END_SRC
* License
My Emacs configurations written in Org mode.
Copyright (c) 2013 - 2014 Lars Tveito
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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