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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>Emacskurs</title>
<meta name="author" content="(Lars Tveito)"/>
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<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section>
<h1>Emacskurs</h1>
<h2>Lars Tveito</h2>
<h2><a href="mailto:larstvei@ifi.uio.no">larstvei@ifi.uio.no</a></h2>
<h2></h2></section>
<section>
<h2>Table of Contents</h2><ul>
<li>
<a href="#sec-1">Intro</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-2">Taster</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-3">Filer, vinduer og buffere</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-4">Kommandoer</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-5">Søking</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-6">Hjelp til selvhjelp</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-7">Programmering</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-8">Makroer</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-9">Pakker</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#sec-10">Til slutt</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
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<section>
<section id="sec-1" >
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<h2>Intro</h2>
</section>
<section id="sec-1-1" >
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<h3>Plan for kurset</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Før pause:<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Innføring i Emacs<br />
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</li>
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<li>Nyttige kommander<br />
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</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Etter pause:<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Sette opp Emacs på Ifi's maskiner<br />
</li>
<li>Skrive en enkel konfigurasjonsfil<br />
</li>
<li>Bruke det vi lærte før pause<br />
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</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-1-2" >
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<h3>Hva er Emacs?</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Teksteditor<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Utvidbar (Emacs Lisp)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Over 30 år gammel<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Over 2500 innebygde kommandoer<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Fri programvare<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-1-3" >
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<h3>Rammer, vinduer og buffere</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Emacs åpnes i en ramme<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Man kan ha flere vinduer i samme ramme<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Tekst vises i buffere<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Du kan ha så mange åpne buffere du vil<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">En fil åpnes i et nytt buffer<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Minibufferet (nederste linje), brukes til å skrive inn filnavn, buffernavn, etc&#x2026;<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-1-4" >
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<h3>Modes</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Major modes<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>hvert buffer har kun én aktiv major mode<br />
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</li>
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<li>en major mode gir deg funksjonalitet for en bestemt type<br />
tekstredigering<br />
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</li>
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<li>de fleste programmeringsspråk har sin egen major mode<br />
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</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Minor modes<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>du kan ha så mange aktive minor modes du ønsker<br />
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</li>
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<li>en minor mode tilbyr tilleggsfunksjonalitet<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Modes tilføyer ofte egne tastekombinasjoner!<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-1-5" >
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<h3>Tips</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>Emacs er annerledes å bruke enn mange andre programmer, så det krever tilvenning.<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">i begynnelsen:<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>les og gjør «learn-by-doing tutorial» (<code>C-h t</code>)<br />
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</li>
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<li>tving deg selv til å bruke de kommandoene du lærer til de sitter i fingrene<br />
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</li>
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<li>unngå «pek og klikk»<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">etter hvert (for spesielt interesserte):<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>skriv din egen config-fil<br />
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</li>
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<li>lær litt Emacs lisp, og skriv dine egne funksjoner<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">annet:<br />
<ul class="org-ul">
<li>gjør <code>CAPS-LOCK</code> om til en ekstra Control (<code>Ctrl</code>)<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</li>
</ul>
</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-2" >
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<h2>Taster</h2>
</section>
<section id="sec-2-1" >
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<h3>Terminologi for taster</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-&lt;any&gt;</code><br />
Control<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-&lt;any&gt;</code><br />
Meta er <code>Alt</code> på de fleste maskiner (alternativt <code>ESC</code>)<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>&lt;any&gt;</code> betyr et vilkårlig tegn (eller tastekombinasjon)<br />
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-2" >
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<h3>Prefikstaster</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x &lt;any&gt;</code><br />
prefiks for globale kommandoer<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-c &lt;any&gt;</code><br />
prefiks for lokale kommandoer<br />
(har ikke alltid samme funksjon!)<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h &lt;any&gt;</code><br />
prefiks for hjelp<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Alle tastekombinasjoner som ikke er en prefiks er bundet til en kommando!<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-3" >
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<h3>Komme seg ut</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x C-c</code><br />
avslutt Emacs<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-g</code><br />
avbryt<br />
(bruk hvis du ikke skjønner hva Emacs holder på med!)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>ESC ESC ESC</code><br />
(bruk hvis <code>C-g</code> ikke hjalp)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-&lt;prefix&gt; C-g</code><br />
er udefinert<br />
(Dvs. <code>C-g</code> kan brukes til å avbryte prefiks)<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-4" >
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<h3>Tekstredigering</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-f</code>, <code>C-b</code><br />
flytt markøren ett tegn frem/tilbake<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-f</code>, <code>M-b</code><br />
flytt markøren ett ord frem/tilbake<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-a</code>, <code>C-e</code><br />
flytt markøren til begynnelsen/slutten av linja<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-p</code>, <code>C-n</code><br />
flytt markøren til forrige/neste linje<br />
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-5" >
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<h3>Bla rundt</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-v</code>, <code>M-v</code><br />
scroll ned/opp en side<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-&lt;</code>, <code>M-&gt;</code><br />
gå til begynnelsen/slutten av bufferet<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-l</code><br />
vis slik at markøren er i senter/toppen/bunnen<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-6" >
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<h3>Kill og yank</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-w</code><br />
kill, tilsvarer cut<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-y</code><br />
yank, tilsvarer paste<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-w</code><br />
lagre til kill-ring, tilsvarer copy<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-k</code><br />
kill, drepe resten av en linje<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-y</code>, må etterfølges av <code>C-y</code><br />
yank-pop, går lenger tilbake på kill-ring<br />
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-7" >
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<h3>Feiloppretting</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-d</code>, <code>M-d</code><br />
fjern neste bokstav/ord<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-_</code>, <code>C-/</code>, <code>C-x u</code><br />
undo!<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-t</code>, <code>M-t</code><br />
bytt om to bokstaver/ord<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x C-t</code><br />
bytt om to linjer<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-q</code><br />
plasserer om tekst i en paragraf slik at linjene ikke overstiger 70 tegn (den ødelegger ikke syntaks i programmeringmodes)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-u</code>, <code>M-l</code>, <code>M-c</code><br />
gjør neste ord til UPPERCASE/lowercase/Capital-Case<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-2-8" >
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<h3>Markering av tekst</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-SPC</code><br />
markerer tekst<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x h</code><br />
markerer all tekst<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-h</code><br />
markerer en paragraf<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Bruk i kombinasjon med <code>M-w</code>, <code>C-w</code> og <code>TAB</code><br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-3" >
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<h2>Filer, vinduer og buffere</h2>
</section>
<section id="sec-3-1" >
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<h3>Filer</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x C-f</code><br />
åpne fil<br />
(hvis den ikke finnes fra før åpnes et tomt buffer med det nye filnavnet)<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x C-s</code><br />
lagre buffer<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x C-w</code><br />
skrive til fil (tilsvarende «lagre som&#x2026;»)<br />
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-3-2" >
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<h3>Vinduer</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x 2</code>, <code>C-x 3</code><br />
splitt et vindu horisontalt/vertikalt<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x 1</code><br />
gjør det aktive vinduet til det eneste vinduet<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x 0</code><br />
lukk det aktive vinduet<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x o</code><br />
bytt fokus til et annet vindu<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-3-3" >
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<h3>Buffere</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x b RET</code><br />
bytt buffer<br />
(siste besøkte buffer er default)<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x k RET</code><br />
drep (kill) buffer<br />
(det aktive bufferet er default)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x left</code>, <code>C-x right</code><br />
en annen måte å bytter buffer på<br />
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</li>
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</ul>
</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-4" >
<h2>Kommandoer</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-x function RET</code><br />
lar deg kalle en vilkårlig kommando med navn<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-x replace-string RET erstatt RET med RET</code><br />
tilsvarer «search and replace»<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-x query-replace RET erstatt RET med RET</code> &#x2026; <code>y/n</code><br />
samme som replace-string, men du kan velge hva som skal erstattes (kan også kjøres med <code>M-%</code>!)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Bruk <code>TAB</code> for autocomplete!<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-5" >
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<h2>Søking</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-s</code><br />
søk fremover i bufferet<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-r</code><br />
søk bakover i bufferet<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Dette er en <i>svært</i> effektiv måte å flytte markøren på!<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-6" >
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<h2>Hjelp til selvhjelp</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h k</code><br />
bruk hvis du lurer på hva en tastekombinasjon gjør<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h f</code><br />
bruk hvis du kjenner navnet på en funksjon, men ikke vet hva den gjør<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h m</code><br />
gir deg informasjon om moden du er i (bl.a. tastekombinasjoner som er spesielle for moden)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h a</code><br />
apropos, lar deg søke i hjelpen<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-h C-h</code> (eller: <code>C-h ?</code>)<br />
gir deg hjelp om hjelpen<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-7" >
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<h2>Programmering</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>TAB</code><br />
indenterer riktig (dersom indenteringen er gal er det et tegn på at det er noe galt i koden!)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-;</code><br />
kommenterer ut et markert område<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-x compile RET compile-command RET</code><br />
lar deg kompilere i Emacs<br />
(gir trykkbare linker til der feil oppstod)<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-g g &lt;nr&gt; RET</code><br />
flytter markøren til linjenummer <code>&lt;nr&gt;</code><br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-8" >
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<h2>Makroer</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Makroer er en måte å "ta opp" en rekke kommandoer på<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x (</code><br />
definer en makro<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>&lt;f3&gt;</code><br />
definer en makro <i>eller</i> sett inn løpenummer<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x )</code>, <code>&lt;f4&gt;</code><br />
ferdigstill makroen<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>C-x e</code><br />
utfør makroen<br />
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</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>e</code><br />
gjenta makroen<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-9" >
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<h2>Pakker</h2>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Emacs 24 kommer med innebygd pakkebehandler<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">det finnes tusenvis av pakker<br />
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><code>M-x list-packages</code><br />
bla gjennom pakker<br />
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<ul class="org-ul">
<li><code>i</code> installere<br />
</li>
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<li><code>U</code> oppgrader alle<br />
</li>
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<li><code>d</code> slett<br />
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</li>
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<li><code>x</code> utfør installering/oppgradering/sletting<br />
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-9-1" >
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<h3>Anbefalinger</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li><a href="https://github.com/auto-complete/auto-complete">Auto-Complete</a><br />
viser mulige fullføringer<br />
</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/emacsmirror/undo-tree">Undo-Tree</a><br />
et mer standard undo-system, med trestruktur<br />
</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/magnars/multiple-cursors.el">Multiple cursors</a> (<a href="http://emacsrocks.com/e13.html">demo</a>)<br />
lar deg kontrollere flere markører samtidig!<br />
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</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/oneKelvinSmith/monokai-emacs">Monokai</a><br />
et fargetema (hentet fra Sublime)<br />
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</li>
</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
<section>
<section id="sec-10" >
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<h2>Til slutt</h2>
</section>
<section id="sec-10-1" >
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<h3>Nyttige lenker</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/index.html#Top">Emacs manualen</a><br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><a href="http://termvakt.ifi.uio.no/Emacs">Termvaktens guide til Emacs</a><br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><a href="http://www.masteringemacs.org/reading-guide/">En flott blogg om Emacs</a><br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><a href="http://www.ic.unicamp.br/~helio/disciplinas/MC102/Emacs_Reference_Card.pdf">En cheat-sheet for Emacs</a><br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in"><a href="https://github.com/larstvei/dot-emacs">Min konfigurasjonsfil</a><br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
</ul>
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</section>
<section id="sec-10-2" >
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<h3>Spørsmål?</h3>
<ul class="org-ul">
<li class="fragment roll-in">Noen spørsmål nå?<br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Kom ned i pausen hvis dere har spørsmål eller ønske for neste time!<br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
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<li class="fragment roll-in">Gjerne send mail til <a href="mailto:larstvei@ifi.uio.no">larstvei@ifi.uio.no</a>!<br />
2013-08-01 01:11:08 +00:00
</li>
</ul>
2015-03-06 20:14:27 +00:00
</section>
</section>
</div>
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